双语诗歌·艾略特《阿尔弗雷德·普鲁弗罗克的情歌》

英语作文    发布时间:2023-12-04  
划词翻译

托马斯·斯特恩斯·艾略特(Thomas Stearns Eliot),通常被称为T.S.艾略特,是20世纪最重要的英语诗人、剧作家和文学评论家之一。他出生于1888年9月26日,美国密苏里州圣路易斯,逝世于1965年1月4日。艾略特的作品深刻地影响了现代文学,尤其是现代主义运动。

The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock  阿尔弗雷德·普鲁弗罗克的情歌

Thomas S. Eliot

S' io credesse che mia risposta fosse

a persona che mai tornasse al mondo,

questa fiamma staria senza piu scosse.

Ma per cio cche giammai di questo fondo

non torno vivo alcun, s' i' odo il vero,

senza tema d' infamia ti rispondo.

Let us go then, you and I,

When the evening is spread out against the sky

Like a patient etherised upon a table;

Let us go, through certain half-deserted streets,

The muttering retreats

Of restless nights in one-night cheap hotels

And sawdust restaurants with oyster shells:

Streets that follow like a tedious argument

Of insidious intent

To lead you to an overwhelming question…

Oh, do not ask, 'What is it?'

Let us go and make our visit.

In the room the women come and go

Talking of Michelangelo.

The yellow fog that rubs its back upon the window-panes,

The yellow smoke that rubs its muzzle on the window-panes

Licked its tongue into the corners of the evening,

Lingered upon the pools that stand in drains,

Let fall upon its back the soot that falls from chimneys,

Slipped by the terrace, made a sudden leap,

And seeing that it was a soft October night,

Curled once about the house, and fell asleep.

And indeed there will be time

For the yellow smoke that slides along the street,

Rubbing its back upon the window-panes:

There will be time, there will be time

To prepare a face to meet the faces that you meet;

There will be time to murder and create,

And time for all the works and days of hands

That lift and drop a question on your plate;

Time for you and time for me,

And time yet for a hundred indecisions,

And for a hundred visions and revisions,

Before the taking of a toast and tea.

In the room the women come and go

Talking of Michelangelo.

And indeed there will be time

To wonder, 'Do I dare?' and, 'Do I dare?'

Time to turn back and descend the stair,

With a bald spot in the middle of my hair—

(They will say: 'How his hair is growing thin!')

My morning coat, my collar mounting firmly to the chin,

My necktie rich and modest, but asserted by a simple pin—

(They will say: 'But how his arms and legs are thin!')

Do I dare

Disturb the universe?

In a minute there is time

For decisions and revisions which a minute will reverse .

For I have known them all already, known them all—

Have known the evenings, mornings, afternoons,

I have measured out my life with coffee spoons;

I know the voices dying with a dying fall

Beneath the music from a farther room.

So how should I presume?

And I have known the eyes already, known them all—

The eyes that fix you in a formulated phrase,

And when I am formulated, sprawling on a pin,

When I am pinned and wriggling on the wall,

Then how should I begin

To spit out all the butt-ends of my days and ways?

And how should I presume?

And I have known the arms already, known them all—

Arms that are braceleted and white and bare

(But in the lamplight, downed with light brown hair!)

Is it perfume from a dress

That makes me so digress?

Arms that lie along a table, or wrap about a shawl.

And should I then presume?

And how should I begin?

Shall I say, I have gone at dusk through narrow streets

And watched the smoke that rises from the pipes

Of lonely men in shirt-sleeves, leaning out of windows?...

I should have been a pair of ragged claws

Scuttling across the floors of silent seas.

And the afternoon, the evening, sleeps so peacefully!

Smoothed by long fingers,

Asleep... tired... or it malingers,

Stretched on the floor, here beside you and me.

Should I, after tea and cakes and ices,

Have the strength to force the moment to its crisis ?

But though I have wept and fasted, wept and prayed,

Though I have seen my head (grown slightly bald) brought in upon a platter ,

I am no prophet—and here's no great matter;

I have seen the moment of my greatness flicker,

And I have seen the eternal Footman hold my coat, and snicker,

And in short, I was afraid.

And would it have been worth it, after all,

After the cups, the marmalade , the tea,

Among the porcelain, among some talk of you and me,

Would it have been worth while,

To have bitten off the matter with a smile,

To have squeezed the universe into a ball

To roll it toward some overwhelming question,

To say: 'I am Lazarus, come from the dead,

Come back to tell you all, I shall tell you all'—

If one, settling a pillow by her head,

Should say: 'That is not what I meant at all.

That is not it, at all.'

And would it have been worth it, after all,

Would it have been worth while,

After the sunsets and the dooryards and the sprinkled streets,

After the novels, after the teacups, after the skirts that trail along the floor—

And this, and so much more?—

It is impossible to say just what I mean!

But as if a magic lantern threw the nerves in patterns on a screen:

Would it have been worth while

If one, settling a pillow or throwing off a shawl ,

And turning toward the window, should say:

That is not it at all,

That is not what I meant, at all.'

No! I am not Prince Hamlet, nor was meant to be;

Am an attendant lord, one that will do

To swell a progress, start a scene or two,

Advise the prince; no doubt, an easy tool,

Deferential , glad to be of use,

Politic, cautious, and meticulous;

Full of high sentence, but a bit obtuse;

At times, indeed, almost ridiculous—

Almost, at times, the Fool.

I grow old... I grow old...

I shall wear the bottoms of my trousers rolled.

Shall I part my hair behind? Do I dare to eat a peach?

I shall wear white flannel trousers, and walk upon the beach.

I have heard the mermaids singing, each to each.

I do not think that they will sing to me.

I have seen them riding seaward on the waves

Combing the white hair of the waves blown back

When the wind blows the water white and black.

We have lingered in the chambers of the sea

By sea-girls wreathed with seaweed red and brown

Till human voices wake us, and we drown.

假如我想到我在跟一个

能回到阳间去的人答话,

那么火焰就不会再闪动。

但既然(只要我所闻是真)

从来就没人从此地生还,

我就回答你而不怕蒙恶名。

那么,我们走吧,你和我一起,

乘着黄昏正伸展向无际,

像病人用乙醚麻醉在手术台上;

我们走吧,穿过几条凄情冷落的街巷,

走过夜夜不安的便宜过夜栈房,

有人窃窃私语的僻静地方,

走过满地牡蛎壳粉,木屑地板的饭馆,

街道相连,像单调乏味的论辩

带有阴险的用心

把你引向一个压倒一切的大难题……

哎,不要问,“是什么问题?”

我们走,我们去访问。

房间里女士们来来往往,

谈论着米开朗基罗巨匠。

黄色雾在窗玻璃上蹭它的背,

黄色烟在窗玻璃上蹭它的嘴,

把舌头舔进黄昏的角落,

徘徊在即将干涸的池塘边,

让落自烟囱的煤灰落上它的背,

它溜过露台,突然一跃,

看到这正是温馨的十月之夜,

便蜷伏在房子附近,沉沉入睡。

确实的,会有时间

让沿街滑行的黄色烟

在窗玻璃上蹭它的背;

会有时间,会有时间

准备一副脸去会见你要会见的那些脸;

会有时间去谋杀,去创造,

有时间让逐日劳动的胼手胝足

拿起一个问题再放进你的盘子里;

有时间给你,有时间给我,

有时间迟疑不决一百遍,

看见一百种幻象和幻象的变易,

然后吃吐司,用茶点。

在房间里女士们来来往往,

谈论着米开朗基罗巨匠。

确实的,还会有时间

提疑问:“我敢不敢?”“我敢不敢?”

有时间转过身,下楼梯,

露一块秃顶在我头发的中间——

(她们会说:“他头发怎么越来越稀!”)

我的晨燕尾服,领子顶下巴,笔挺,

我的领带精致而文雅,用一只简朴的别针固定——

(她们会说:“他的胳膊腿怎么那么细!”)

我敢不敢

把这个宇宙搅乱?

一分钟内有时间

做决定,改决定,一分钟内再倒转。

我已经熟悉了她们,熟悉了她们全部——

熟悉了一个个黄昏,上午和下午,

我已用咖啡勺量走了我的寸寸生命,

我熟悉远处房间里传来的音乐声底层

有说话声越来越微弱直到消失。

我怎能擅自行事?

我已经熟悉了那些眼睛,熟悉了眼睛全部——

那眼睛用一句公式化词语把你固定住,

当我被公式化了,在一只图钉上挣扎爬行,

当我被钉住,在墙上蠕动,

这时候我该怎样开始

吐出我日常生活方式的全部烟蒂?

我怎能擅自行事?

我已经熟悉了那些胳臂,熟悉了胳臂全部——

那些戴着镯子的胳臂,光洁,袒露

(只是在灯光下显出淡褐色茸毛一层!)

是否那来自衣裙的香水气息

促使我这样地转向离题?

那些胳臂或倚着桌面,或裹着披巾。

此刻我该不该擅自行事?

叫我怎样开始?

……

我可否说,黄昏时我走过狭窄的街道

见到烟斗里烟雾升起

来自身穿衬衫、倚向窗外的孤独的男人们?

我本该是一对带毛的蟹螯

飞快地掠过静寂的海的底层。

下午,晚上,睡得如此安宁!

让细长的手指轻轻抚遍,

睡了…累了…或者它装病,

伸展着躺在地板上,在你我身边。

在用过茶点、冰糕之后,我是否

应该有力量把此刻逼向紧急关头?

但是,尽管我哭着斋戒过,哭着祈祷过,

尽管我见过我的头(有点儿秃)放在木盘里端进来,

我不是先知——这也没有什么大不了;

我见过我的伟大时刻的闪现,

我还见过永恒的“步行者”拿着我的外衣,窃笑,

总之,我感到害怕。

说到头来,究竟值不值,

当饮料、果酱、茶点已用过,

在杯盘之间,有人谈论你我之时,

究竟值不值用一个微笑

把这件事情咬掉,

把宇宙挤压成一只球

让它滚向一个压倒一切的大问题,

说,“我是拉撒路,从死者那里

我回来告诉你们一切,我要告诉你们一切”——

要是一个人,一面把枕头放在她头下,

一面说,“这根本不是我的意思。

不是的,根本不是。”

说到头来,究竟值不值,

究竟值不值在几次日落以后,

几次走过庭院、水洒街道以后,

几次读小说、喝茶、长裙拖过地板以后——

这些,还有许多许多事?——

把我想说的话说出来决不可能!

但似乎有魔灯把神经幻成图样投到幕上:

究竟值不值

要是一个人,放下枕头或抛开披巾,

转身向窗子,这样讲:

“不是的,根本不是,

这根本不是我的意思。”

……

不!我不是王子哈姆雷特,注定的不是;

我是个宫廷待臣,只能做这些事:

给巡游壮壮场面,开演一场戏,

给王子出主意,无疑,是一件好使的工具,

恭恭敬敬,很高兴能给人派上用场,

有算计,一丝不苟,小心翼翼;

满口唱高调,却有点愚钝;

有时候,确实,近乎可笑,

有时候,差不多是个丑角。

我老了…我老了…

我要翻卷起我的裤脚。

要不要把我的头发向后分开?我敢吃桃子吗?

我要穿上白色法兰绒裤子,在海滨步行,

我听到了美人鱼在唱歌,彼此呼应。

我不认为她们会唱给我听。

我见到了她们骑着波涛驰向大海,

梳理着被风吹回的波涛的白鬃,

当大风把海水吹得黑里夹白。

我们曾在大海的内室里盘桓,

海女儿给我们戴上红棕色海藻的花环,

等到被人间的噪音唤醒,我们就淹死。

* * *

-etherise

[ˈiːθəraiz] vt.

用乙醚麻醉

-oyster

[ˈɔistə] n.

牡蛎

-muzzle

[ˈmʌzl] n.

(四足动物的)口鼻部

-soot

[sut] n.

煤烟

-descend

[diˈsend] vt.

下来

-assert

[əˈsəːt] vt.

维护,确定…的存在

-reverse

[riˈvəːs] vt.

伎倒转,颠倒

-sprawl

[sprɔːl] vi.

笨拙地爬行

-wriggle

[ˈriɡl] vi.

蠕动

-spit

[spit] vt.

吐(唾液等)

-bracelet

[ˈbreislit] vt.

使戴上镯子

-Smooth

[smuːð] vt.

使光滑,弄平

-crisis

[ˈkraisis] n.

危机,决定性时刻

-platter

[ˈplætə] n.

大浅盘

-marmalade

[ˈmɑːməleid] n.

果酱

-sprinkle

[ˈspriŋkl] vt.

洒,喷淋

-shawl

[ʃɔːl] n.

长方形披巾

-Deferential

[ˌdefəˈrenʃəl] adj.

恭敬的

-flannel

[ˈflænl] adj.

法兰绒的

-linger

[ˈliŋɡə] vi.

逗留,徘徊


* * *

Thomas S. Eliot 艾略特

艾略特(Thomas S. Eliot,1888-1965),二十世纪重要的现代主义诗人、文艺批评家和剧作家,对二十世纪现代主义文学和文艺批评产生重大影响。生于美国密苏里州,后定居英国。1915年,他发表重要诗作《阿尔弗雷德·普鲁弗罗克的情歌》,通过一个中年知识分子的内心独白,运用现代日常生活中的多种意象与古典意象的迭加,表现了现代知识分子彷徨、苦闷而空虚的心态。1922年,他发表代表作《荒原》(1922),将整个现代西方社会描绘成一片精神的荒漠,预示了人类文明在进入二十世纪时所遇到的全面危机。


艾略特出生于一个有着新英格兰根源的知识分子家庭。他在哈佛大学接受教育,后来前往巴黎和牛津大学学习。他在1914年定居在英国,并在1927年归化为英国公民。艾略特的职业生涯包括在银行工作和从事出版业务,他曾是《标准晚报》的编辑,并创立了文学杂志《准则》。

艾略特的个人生活也颇具戏剧性,他的第一段婚姻不幸福,这对他的健康和写作产生了影响。他后来成为了英国国教徒,并在宗教信仰中找到了安慰。


艾略特的文学作品以其复杂性、象征主义和对传统文化的深刻反思而著称。他的诗歌作品《荒原》(The Waste Land,1922)被认为是现代主义文学的里程碑,它通过对西方文明的断裂和精神荒芜的描绘,表达了战后失落和迷茫的氛围。

他的其他著名诗作包括《爱的四重奏》(Four Quartets),这是一组探讨时间、灵性和救赎的四首长诗;《普鲁弗洛克夫人》(The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock),这首诗展示了艾略特对现代都市人内心孤独与疏离的感觉的捕捉。

除了诗歌,艾略特还创作了多部剧本,其中最著名的是《杀手》(Murder in the Cathedral),该剧讲述了托马斯·贝克特大主教的殉道故事。


艾略特对英语文学和现代主义运动的影响难以估量。他的作品改变了诗歌的形式和内容,引入了新的技巧,如意识流和自由联想,为表达复杂的现代经验开辟了新的可能性。

艾略特对文学理论的贡献同样重要,他的批评作品深刻地影响了20世纪的文学批评,特别是他关于“客观对应”和“传统与个人才能”的论述。

他的作品和思想对后来的作家和诗人产生了深远的影响,包括但不限于审美观念、文学形式以及对现代社会和文化的批判。艾略特在1948年获得了诺贝尔文学奖,以表彰他“在现代诗歌的先驱者中卓越的成就”。他的作品至今仍被广泛阅读和研究,是现代文学史上的重要章节。