️ 新闻原文

Sherpa climbs Mount Everest for record 31st time

A Sherpa from Nepal has broken the record for the most climbs to the top of Mount Everest. Kami Rita, 55, is a well-known guide in the Himalayas. He reached the summit of Mount Everest for the 31st time on Tuesday. He broke his own record of 30 climbs, which he set last year. Rita got to the top of the 8,849-metre mountain via the southeast route. He was the guide for a 22-member team from the Indian army. He also had help from 27 other Sherpas. The climb was organized by the company Seven Summit Treks. A company spokesman said Kami Rita was "a national climbing hero" and "a global symbol of Everest". Another spokesman called Rita "a very passionate climber".

Kami Rita has the nickname "Everest Man". He first climbed Everest in 1994. He has led treks to the summit almost every year since then. He is one of more than 8,000 people to have got to the top of the world's highest peak. The first people to have officially climbed Everest were New Zealander Edmund Hillary and Sherpa Tenzing Norgay. They did this in 1953. More and more climbers are trying to get to the summit every year. They all need a special permit. In 2008, Nepal issued 160 permits. That number increased to 421 last year. Nepal limits the number of permits for safety reasons. There are many dangers to climbing Everest. These include altitude sickness, freezing weather, and avalanches.

标题解析：
- Sherpa [ˈʃɜːrpə] n. 谢尔巴人。他们是尼泊尔山区的一个民族，以高超的登山技能和对高海拔的适应能力闻名，常担任登山向导。
- climbs [klaɪmz] v. 攀登 (这里是现在时，用于新闻标题，表示最近发生的事情或事实)。
- Mount Everest [ˈmaʊnt ˈevərɪst] 珠穆朗玛峰。
- for record 31st time 为了第31次的纪录。表示这是他创造纪录的第31次攀登。

A Sherpa from Nepal has broken the record for the most climbs to the top of Mount Everest.

知识点：
- from Nepal 来自尼泊尔，说明这位谢尔巴人的国籍。
- has broken the record 已经打破了纪录。这里用的是 现在完成时 (has + 动词过去分词)，表示动作（打破纪录）已经完成，而且这个结果（新纪录）对现在有影响。
- for the most climbs 关于最多攀登次数的纪录。
- to the top of... 到……的顶峰。这里的 top 就是顶峰的意思。

Kami Rita, 55, is a well-known guide in the Himalayas.

知识点：
- Kami Rita, 55 逗号后面的 55 表示他的年龄。
- well-known [ˌwelˈnoʊn] adj. 知名的，有名的。
- guide [ɡaɪd] n. 向导。
- the Himalayas [ˌhɪməˈleɪəz] 喜马拉雅山脉 (注意前面要加 the，因为是山脉)。

He reached the summit of Mount Everest for the 31st time on Tuesday.

知识点：
- reached [riːtʃt] v. 到达。
- summit [ˈsʌmɪt] n. 顶峰，最高点 (和 top 意思相近)。
- on Tuesday 在周二 (具体某一天前面用 on)。

He broke his own record of 30 climbs, which he set last year.

知识点：
- broke his own record 打破了他自己的纪录。
- of 30 climbs 30次攀登的纪录。
- which he set last year 这是一个定语从句，修饰前面的 record。 set a record 是固定搭配，表示“创造纪录”。 last year 表示“去年”，所以从句用过去时 set。

Rita got to the top of the 8,849-metre mountain via the southeast route.

知识点：
- got to the top 到达顶峰 (等于 reached the top/summit)。口语中常用 get to。
- 8,849-metre mountain 8849米高的山。注意这里的 meter 用了单数形式且和数字用连字符连接，作为一个复合形容词来修饰 mountain。
- via [ˈvaɪə] prep. 通过，经由 (某个途径)。
- southeast route 东南路线。

He was the guide for a 22-member team from the Indian army.

知识点：
- guide for... 给……当向导。
- a 22-member team 一个22人的团队。和上面的 8,849-metre 类似，数字、单数名词和连字符组成复合形容词。
- from the Indian army 来自印度军队的。

He also had help from 27 other Sherpas.

知识点：
- had help from... 得到了……的帮助。
- 27 other Sherpas 另外27名谢尔巴人。

The climb was organized by the company Seven Summit Treks.

知识点：
- was organized by... 被……组织。这里是被动语态 (was + 动词过去分词)，表示“攀登”这个活动是被公司组织的。

A company spokesman said Kami Rita was "a national climbing hero" and "a global symbol of Everest".

知识点：
- spokesman [ˈspoʊksmən] n. 发言人。
- national [ˈnæʃnəl] adj. 国家的。
- climbing hero 登山英雄。
- global symbol 全球象征。
- symbol of Everest 珠峰的象征。

Another spokesman called Rita "a very passionate climber".

知识点：
- called Rita "..." 称呼 Rita 为“……”。
- passionate [ˈpæʃənət] adj. 热情的。

Kami Rita has the nickname "Everest Man".

知识点：
- has the nickname 有个绰号/昵称。

He first climbed Everest in 1994.

知识点：
- first climbed... in 1994 第一次攀登是在1994年。指明具体的过去时间点，用一般过去时。

He has led treks to the summit almost every year since then.

知识点：
- has led treks 已经带领了登山探险。这里用现在完成时 (has + lead 的过去分词 led)，表示从过去某个时间点 (since then - 从那时起) 开始一直持续到现在或对现在有影响的动作。
- treks [treks] n. (艰苦的)徒步旅行，登山探险。
- almost every year since then 从那时起几乎每年。

He is one of more than 8,000 people to have got to the top of the world's highest peak.

知识点：
- one of more than 8,000 people 是8000多人中的一员。
- to have got to the top 到达了顶峰。这里的 to have got to 是完成不定式 (perfect infinitive)，用在这里表示不定式所表达的动作 (到达顶峰) 发生在谓语动词 (is) 之前。他是“属于”那些已经到达过顶峰的人。
- the world's highest peak 世界最高峰。highest 是 high 的最高级形式，peak [piːk] n. 山峰。

The first people to have officially climbed Everest were New Zealander Edmund Hillary and Sherpa Tenzing Norgay.

知识点：
- the first people 最早的人。
- to have officially climbed Everest 正式攀登过珠峰。这里又是完成不定式，表示攀登发生在“是 (were)”最早的人之前。
- officially [əˈfɪʃəli] adv. 正式地。

They did this in 1953.

知识点：
- did this in 1953 他们在1953年做了这件事。指明具体的过去时间点，用一般过去时。

More and more climbers are trying to get to the summit every year.

知识点：
- More and more... 越来越…… (表示趋势)。
- are trying 正在尝试。这里用现在进行时，表示一个正在发生或持续的趋势。

They all need a special permit.

知识点：
- permit [ˈpɜːrmɪt] n. 许可证。

In 2008, Nepal issued 160 permits. That number increased to 421 last year.

知识点：
- issued [ˈɪʃuːd] v. 发放，发布。
- increased to... 增加到了……。

Nepal limits the number of permits for safety reasons.

知识点：
- limits [ˈlɪmɪts] v. 限制 (这里是现在时，表示一个事实或规定)。
- for safety reasons 出于安全原因。reason [ˈriːzn] n. 原因。

There are many dangers to climbing Everest. These include altitude sickness, freezing weather, and avalanches.

知识点：
- dangers to... 对……的危险。
- include 包括。
- altitude sickness [ˈæltɪtuːd ˈsɪknəs] 高原反应。
- freezing weather [ˈfriːzɪŋ ˈweðər] 严寒天气。
- avalanches [ˈævəlɑːntʃɪz] n. 雪崩 (这里是复数)。

请判断以下句子是 True (T) 还是 False (F)：

1. An Indian Sherpa has broken the record for most Everest climbs. T / F

2. The Sherpa has the most and second most climbs of Everest. T / F

3. Mount Everest is over 8,800 metres high. T / F

4. The Sherpa led a trek for Indian soldiers. T / F

5. The Sherpa first climbed Everest in 1984. T / F

6. The first people climbed Everest in 1953. T / F

7. Nepal issued over 4,000 permits for people to climb Everest last year. T / F

8. The article says one danger of climbing Everest is morning sickness. T / F