别再说 “help you to do”!搞懂 help 的正确用法

英语作文    发布时间:2025-07-09  
划词翻译

“让我帮你完成工作吧。”
   很多英语学习者会直接翻译为:

❌ Let me help you to do your work.

乍一看没什么问题,但母语者听起来总觉得哪里“拗口”甚至“别扭”。
   正确、地道的表达其实是:

✅ Let me help you with your work.

这不是简单的语法问题,而是 “help” 这个动词背后的习惯用法和语义逻辑。今天我们就来深入讲解:

  • “help to do” 和 “help do” 到底有没有错?

  • 为什么说 “help with something” 更自然?

  • 什么时候三者都能用,什么时候只能选一个?

一、Help 后面到底接什么?

英语中的 “help” 是一个特殊的动词,它后面既可以接动词不定式(to do / do),也可以接名词。三种结构如下:

  1. help + 人 + to do sth ✅(语法正确,但不够自然)

  2. help + 人 + do sth ✅(最常用,最地道)

  3. help + 人 + with sth ✅(当后面是名词时)

举例说明:

  • Can you help me do my homework? ✅(最常见)

  • Can you help me to do my homework? ✅(可以,但略显正式或英式)

  • Can you help me with my homework? ✅(名词,地道自然)

所以,“help you to do your work” 虽然语法没错,但在日常英语里说出来就显得不太自然,像是翻译腔,更推荐使用 “help you do” 或 “help you with”。

二、“help do” vs “help with” 有什么区别?

两者虽然都可以表达“帮忙”,但结构不同,侧重点也略有区别:

结构用法重点例句
help + 人 + do后接动词原形(不定式)强调帮忙“做某事”的过程He helped me clean the house.
help + 人 + with + 名词后接具体事务、名词强调帮忙处理“某件事”He helped me with the housework.

更通俗地说:

  • “help do” = 帮忙去做某个动作

  • “help with” = 帮忙处理某件事物(通常是名词)

所以我们说 “帮我搬桌子” 可以说:

  • Can you help me move the table? ✅

  • Can you help me with the table? ✅(但要看语境是否明确)

三、“help to do” 到底错在哪?

实际上,“help to do” 这个结构在语法上是正确的。尤其在英式英语中,它仍然常见。但在美式英语,“to” 通常会被省略,因为“help”是一个“准使役动词”(quasi-causative verb),就像“make / let / have”那样,后面不需要加“to”。

对比:

  • I helped him to fix his car. ✅(英式英语)

  • I helped him fix his car. ✅(更自然)

因此,说 “Let me help you to do your work.” 不算语法错误,但更地道的表达应该是:

✅ Let me help you with your work.
   ✅ Let me help you do your work.

四、更多例句助你理解

  • She helped me prepare for the exam. ✅

  • She helped me with my exam preparation. ✅

  • He helped his father paint the fence. ✅

  • He helped his father with the painting. ✅

  • Can you help me carry these books? ✅

  • Can you help me with these books? ✅

一般来说,如果你不确定应该用“help do”还是“help with”,只需看后面是动词还是名词即可:

  • 动词 ➝ 用 “help + do”

  • 名词 ➝ 用 “help + with”

五、常见错误归纳

  • ❌ Let me help you to do your job.
           ✅ Let me help you do your job. / Let me help you with your job.

  • ❌ He helped me to clean the room.
           ✅ He helped me clean the room.

  • ❌ She helped me for the exam.
           ✅ She helped me with the exam. / She helped me prepare for the exam.

六、练习题

请用合适的形式填空(do / to do / with):

  1. Can you help me _____ this report?

  2. He helped her _____ the dishes after dinner.

  3. She helped me _____ the project.

  4. Could you help me _____ my luggage?

  5. They helped us _____ our presentation.

参考答案:

  1. do

  2. do

  3. with

  4. with

  5. with

  6. (也可以是 “prepare” 视语境而定)