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动词原形（bare infinitive）是英语中最基础、最常见的形式之一，但你是否真正掌握了它的用法？是不是有时候看到句子里突然出现了一个“没加 to 的动词”，就疑惑“这为什么不是动词-ing 或 to do？”？别担心！下面小编就带你一次搞懂英语中必须使用动词原形的8种情况，彻底解决你在写作和口语中常见的“语法崩溃点”。
情态动词后
使役动词 let / make / have
感官动词 see / hear / feel 等
help 后可接动词原形
would rather / had better / rather than
动词 do 用于强调时
why not / why do 表达建议
虚拟条件句中省略 should 的情况
所有情态动词（can, could, will, would, shall, should, may, might, must）后面都要接动词原形。
You must finish your homework today. ✅
She can speak three languages. ✅
They should go home early. ✅
口诀：情态动词后，动词不用“变”，保持原样最保险。
使役动词 let（允许）、make（使）、have（让）后接宾语 + 原形动词。
结构：动词 + 宾语 + 原形动词
She let me borrow her car. ✅
The teacher made us write the answers again. ✅
I had him check the report. ✅
注意：如果是被动语态，动词就要加 to，例如：
I was made to rewrite the report.
感官动词后面如果表示看到/听到/感觉到整个动作过程，则用原形动词。
I saw him cross the street. ✅
We heard the baby cry. ✅
She felt the ground shake. ✅
若强调动作正在发生的过程，也可用动词-ing：
I saw him crossing the street. ✅（正在穿越）
区别：原形 = 全部动作；ing = 过程
“Help” 后既可以接 to do，也可以直接接原形动词。美式英语中 prefer 用原形，更自然简洁。
She helped me fix the printer. ✅（常用）
She helped me to fix the printer. ✅（也对）
这两种都是正确的，但“help + do”更地道。
这些结构也都必须接动词原形。
I would rather stay at home tonight. ✅
You had better call her now. ✅
He chose to sleep rather than work. ✅
口诀：“宁愿、最好、而不是”——后面全都原形见。
在疑问句、否定句和强调句中，助动词 “do/does/did” 后必须用动词原形。
I don’t like coffee. ✅
Does he play soccer? ✅
He did finish his homework. ✅（强调）
❌ He did finished his homework.（错误！）
用 “Why not...” 或 “Why don’t you...” 来提建议时，动词要用原形。
Why not go out for a walk? ✅
Why not take a break? ✅
Why don’t you join us? ✅
表达建议时别忘了这个“万能公式”！
有时虚拟语气中 “if” 句省略了 should，主语后直接接原形动词。
Be he late, we will leave without him. ✅（= If he should be late...）
Come rain or shine, I will be there. ✅
这种结构常见于较正式或文学性的表达中，但在写作中用得好会非常加分！
| 用法场景 | 示例 |
|---|---|
| 情态动词后 | She must leave now. |
| 使役动词 let/make/have | He made me cry. |
| 感官动词 | I saw her dance. |
| help | They helped me finish the task. |
| would rather | I would rather stay home tonight. |
| 助动词 do/does/did | He did finish the work. |
| Why not / Why don’t you | Why not take a break? |
| 虚拟语气中省略 if/should | Be it true, I’ll be surprised. |
以下句子中，哪一个使用了正确的动词原形结构？
She made me to cry. ❌
She made me cry. ✅
You should to study harder. ❌
You should study harder. ✅
They helped me to cook dinner. ✅
They helped me cook dinner. ✅
总结：当你看到 let / make / see / should / can 等词后，动词常常不需要“to”！
