你有没有这样说过英语:“I recommend you to take a rest.”?
听起来没毛病?可实际上是一个常见语法错误!
正确说法应该是:
✅ I recommend that you take a long vacation.
今天我们就来一起深入剖析:recommend 为什么不能直接接 “to do”?建议类动词到底应该怎么用?还有哪些动词和它一样“不能加 to”?
来看这组句子:
❌ I recommend you to take a long vacation.
✅ I recommend that you take a long vacation.
哪一句才对?第二句才是标准英语。为什么第一句错了?
因为 recommend 属于一类后接虚拟语气宾语从句的动词,这类动词不能直接接 to do 结构。
最常见、最安全的结构之一。
I recommend taking a break. ✅
We recommend this book to beginners. ✅
结构:recommend + that + 主语 + 动词原形
I recommend that he take some time off. ✅
The doctor recommended that she rest more. ✅
注意:即使主语是第三人称单数,也要用动词原形,不要加 s!这是虚拟语气!
I recommend this movie to you. ✅
She recommended John for the position. ✅
这些结构中都没有出现 “to do”,这说明:recommend 不是那种“能随便接不定式”的动词!
因为 recommend 是一种建议性动词,在语法结构中,它常常引导一种虚拟语气的从句。
类似的还有这些动词:
suggest
insist
require
ask
advise
propose
request
这些动词都不能直接接 to do 来表示对某人的建议。正确的结构是:
动词 + that + 主语 + 原形动词
来看几个标准例句:
I suggest that she study harder. ✅
He insisted that she be present. ✅
The teacher requested that he submit it before Friday. ✅
口诀:建议要求提意见,that 从句用原形;别加 to,别变形,主语三单也不行!
那什么情况下能说 “someone + to do” 呢?
像 tell, ask(命令时用法), allow, want 这些动词才可以这样用:
I told him to leave. ✅
They want you to join them. ✅
The manager allowed her to go home early. ✅
口诀:想让人去做事,tell/ask/want/to 不离。
❌ I recommend you to study more.
✅ I recommend that you study more.
❌ She suggested him to come earlier.
✅ She suggested that he come earlier.
✅ They asked us to wait here.
✅ The doctor recommends drinking more water.
✅ I propose that we leave now.
| 动词 | 错误用法 | 正确用法 |
|---|---|---|
| recommend | I recommend you to go | I recommend that you go |
| suggest | She suggested him to try | She suggested that he try |
| insist | They insisted him to stay | They insisted that he stay |
| tell | ✔️ I told him to go | (正确) |
| advise | I advised her to take a break | (如果 advise sb to do 是可接受的,但 recommend 不可) |