读句子学语法:状语表示法

英语作文    发布时间:2024-08-26  
划词翻译

在英语学习中,状语的使用是表达句子意义的重要手段之一。状语不仅可以修饰动词、形容词、副词,甚至可以修饰整个句子,从而丰富句子的内涵和表达效果。

<一> 例句

The suitcase is too heavy to be carried by a child.

橡子太重小孩拿不动。

<二> 语法分析

不定式或短语做句子的状语,可以用来表示目的、结果、程度、原因等。此外,有很多成分可以充当状语,如副词、介词短语、不定式、分词或分词短语、形容词、词组、符合结构及从句等。用不定式或补丁是段誉修饰整个句子时,可以称之为句子状语。用某些副词来修饰整个句子,则称之为句子副词。

<三> 触类旁通

(1)The test questions are kept secret, so as to prevent cheating.

考题都保密,以防止作弊。

语法分析:不定式作状语,表示目的。

(2)We must go cautiously, to be sure.

的确,我们得小心谨慎。

语法分析:不定式修饰整个句子,可以称之为句子状语。

(3)She behaved extremely badly.

她表现很不好。

语法分析:副词主要就是作状语,可以修饰动词、形容词或副词等。

(4)Bicycling is a good exercise; moreover, it doesn't pollute the air.

骑自行车是很不错的运动,还不会污染空气。

语法分析:许多副词可起到连词的作用,使得句子与上下文联系更紧密,从而使句子更为流畅。

(5)I am so sorry for what I said to you.

我为我对你说的话而道歉。

语法分析:介词短语作状语,可以表示时间、地点、方式、原因以及其他情况。

(6)I am used to going about alone.

我习惯于独来独往。

语法分析:与形容词同形的副词,称为副词小品词,它们多数都可以作状语。

<四> 巩固练习

1. You are far too clever have done that.

2. I can send a car over fetch you.

3. She [kind] waited for me.

4. She went to party and did not study her lesson.

5. There were no news; she went on hopping.

6. my opinion, the scheme is unsound.

7. I am going thre plane.

8. He had pains his back all the time.

答案:

1. to 2. to 3. kindly 4. therefore 5. nevertheless 6 In 7. by 8. in