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阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical community(医学界) (1)________ a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side (2)________(effect) such as overweight and heart disease — the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.
Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required (3)________(process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt (4)________(remove) from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something. As(5)________ result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even(6)________(bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food (7)________(be) full of fat and salt. By (8)________(eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.
Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心) between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be (9)________(care) not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, (10)________ is not good for the health.
1. as
本题考查介词的用法。“这种趋势是医学界最初作为一种对抗心脏病的方法开始的。”介词as是“作为”的意思。
2. effects
本题考查名词的复数。上文“some”提示填写side effect（副作用）的复数形式。因此，应该填effects。
3. to process
本题考查不定式的用法。固定词组require sb. to do sth.（要求某人做某事）的被动形式是be required to do sth.（被要求做某事）。因此，本题应填to process。
4. are removed
本题考查动词的被动形式。“当脂肪和盐从食物中被去除时”，使用动词remove的被动形式，且主语为复数形式，因此应填are removed。
5. a
本题考查冠词的用法。词组as a result（结果是）是固定搭配，表示因果关系，应填a。
6. worse
本题考查副词的比较级。词组even worse（更糟糕的是）是固定搭配，因此应填worse。
7. is
本题考查主谓一致。主语“Fast food”是不可数名词，谓语动词使用单数形式，因此应填is。
8. eating
本题考查动名词的用法。充当介词by的宾语，使用动名词形式，正确答案应填eating。
9. careful
本题考查形容词的用法。词组be careful not to do sth.（注意不要做某事）是固定搭配，在be动词后接形容词充当表语，因此应填careful。
10. which
本题考查非限制性定语从句。非限制性定语从句“which is not good for the health” 中的关系代词which指代前文中的内容“to have too much of both（摄入过多的脂肪和盐）”。因此，正确答案为which。
本题考察了英语语法中的几个关键点，包括介词、名词复数、动词时态和语态、冠词的使用、形容词和副词的比较级、主谓一致、以及非限制性定语从句等。这些语法点是英语考试中常见的考察内容，掌握这些规则有助于提高英语语法水平。
