论文是一种学术写作形式，用于展示研究成果、分析数据、讨论理论或提出新的观点。它通常由以下几个部分组成：引言（Introduction）、文献综述（Literature Review）、方法论（Methodology）、结果（Results）、讨论（Discussion）和结论（Conclusion）。论文的目的是为了在学术界或专业领域内传播知识，促进学术交流和研究发展。
Abstract: 摘要，简要概述论文的主要内容和结论。
Introduction: 引言，介绍研究背景、目的和重要性。
Literature Review: 文献综述，评述现有研究和理论。
Methodology: 方法论，描述研究方法和过程。
Results: 结果，展示研究发现的数据和分析。
Discussion: 讨论，解释结果的意义和与现有研究的关系。
Conclusion: 结论，总结研究发现和未来研究方向。
References: 参考文献，列出论文中引用的所有文献。
In the contemporary era, sustainable development has emerged as a pivotal concept in addressing the myriad challenges faced by modern society. As the global population continues to surge and natural resources become increasingly scarce, the need for sustainable practices has never been more urgent. This essay explores the significance of sustainable development and its implications for future generations.
Sustainable development is a holistic approach that seeks to meet the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. It encompasses three core principles: economic growth, social inclusion, and environmental protection. These principles are interdependent and must be balanced to achieve true sustainability.
Economic growth is essential for improving living standards and reducing poverty. However, this growth must be sustainable, meaning it should not deplete natural resources or harm the environment. Social inclusion ensures that all members of society have access to resources and opportunities, fostering a more equitable and just society. Environmental protection is crucial for maintaining the health of our planet and ensuring that natural resources are available for future use.
The implementation of sustainable development requires a collaborative effort from governments, businesses, and individuals. Policies must be enacted to promote renewable energy, reduce waste, and protect biodiversity. Businesses should adopt sustainable practices that minimize environmental impact and promote social responsibility. Individuals can contribute by making sustainable choices in their daily lives, such as reducing waste, conserving energy, and supporting sustainable products.
在当代，可持续发展已经成为解决现代社会面临的众多挑战的关键概念。随着全球人口不断增长和自然资源日益稀缺，对可持续实践的需求从未如此迫切。本文探讨了可持续发展的重要性及其对未来世代的影响。
可持续发展是一种全面的方法，旨在满足当前需求，同时不损害未来世代满足自身需求的能力。它包含三个核心原则：经济增长、社会包容和环境保护。这三个原则相互依赖，必须平衡以实现真正的可持续性。
经济增长对于提高生活水平和减少贫困至关重要。然而，这种增长必须是可持续的，意味着不应耗尽自然资源或损害环境。社会包容确保社会所有成员都能获得资源和机会，促进一个更加公平和正义的社会。环境保护对于维护我们星球的健康和确保自然资源可供未来使用至关重要。
实施可持续发展需要政府、企业和个人的共同努力。必须制定政策来促进可再生能源、减少浪费和保护生物多样性。企业应采用可持续实践，最小化对环境的影响并促进社会责任。个人可以通过在日常生活中做出可持续的选择来贡献，例如减少浪费、节约能源和支持可持续产品。
❶ 论文什么时候交？When is the paper due?
同类表达 When do we have to turn in the paper? 我们什么时候该交论文？
❷ 你的论文是关于什么的？What's your paper on?
同类表达 How is your Doctoral thesis coming along? 你的博士论文写得怎么样了？
What did you do on your Doctoral dissertation? 你的博士论文选的什么主题？
❸ 这篇论文有多少页？How many pages does the paper have?
同类表达 How long does the paper have to be? 这篇论文需要多长？
How long should the paper be? 这篇论文应该写多长？
❹ 我们需要就本学期所学的内容之一写篇短文。We have to write an essay on one of the things we learnt this term.
同类表达 The essay has to be at least four pages. 短论文必须至少四页。
❺ 所有论文必须都标明页码。All papers should have page numbers.
同类表达 Your paper must be single-spaced. 你的论文必须是单倍行距。
❻ 我刚刚写完提纲。I've just finished the outline.
对话 A: How is your thesis going? 你的论文写得怎么样了？
B: I've just finished the outline. 我刚刚写完提纲。
❼ 十二点以前必须交论文。All papers should be given in before twelve o'clock.
同类表达 You have a week left to finish the thesis. 你还有一个星期的时间可以去写论文。
Tina has submitted her essays to her tutor. 蒂娜已经把论文交给导师了。
❽ 你觉得这篇论文怎么样？What do you think of this thesis?
这样回答 Her thesis is excellent. 她的论文很优秀。
Her thesis is rife with errors. 她的论文错误连篇。
❾ 这篇论文重复过多。There is too much redundancy in this essay.
对话 A: There are only a few errors in this essay. 这篇论文中只有很少的错误。
B: Yes, but there is too much redundancy in this essay. 是的，但是这篇论文重复过多。
❿ 这篇论文的主题太含糊不清。The theme of this paper is too vague.
同类表达 The theme of this essay is obscure.