学习英语语法时，我们经常会遇到各种不同的主语类型。主语是句子的核心，它告诉读者或听者句子是关于什么的。在英语中，主语可以是名词、代词、数词、动名词、不定式或从句等。通过学习这些不同类型的主语，我们可以更深入地理解句子结构，并提高我们的语言表达能力。例如，在句子"Dancing bored him."中，动名词"Dancing"作为主语，直接表达了句子的主题。这种用法不仅使句子更加简洁，而且还能突出动作本身。现在，让我们通过一些例句和练习来进一步探索主语的多样性和灵活性。

<语法分析> 

动名词直接作为主语使用。有时，动名词前可以加上一个代词或名词所有格来表示逻辑上的主语，动名词也可以名词化，前面加上冠词。除了动名词，句子的主语还可以由其他成分来表示，包括数词、代词、名词、不定式、词组、从句或名词化的其他词类等。"it"可以作为人称代词或非人称代词使用，也可以用来强调句子的某一成分。

<触类旁通>

1. Are there other universes outside our own? 语法分析：名词作主语。

2. Nobody knows the answer. 语法分析：代词作主语。

3. Two-thirds of them are college students. 语法分析：数词作主语。

4. What she saw gave her a little fright. 语法分析：从句作主语。

5. It's no use asking me. 语法分析：先行词"it"作形式主语，真正的主语放在句子后面，使句子更平稳。

6. Who was it that called the meeting? 语法分析：用"it"对句子的主语加以强调，也可以强调其他成分。

<巩固练习>

1. Going [go] to the movies is a popular pastime.

2. Their coming [come] to help was a great encouragement to us.

3. It is any good trying [try]?

4. It is an offence to drop [drop] litter in the street.

5. Not being punctual makes him unreliable.

6. It was you who had been wrong.

7. It costs 100 dollars to repair [repair] the car.

<参考答案>

1. Going

2. coming

3. trying

4. to drop

5. being

6. It

7. to repair