“last、the last、the past”傻傻分不清?30秒让你不再写错!

学习经验    发布时间:2025-08-28  
划词翻译

写英语作文,一写到“过去”就纠结:到底用last week、the last week还是the past week?老师红笔一挥“用词不准”,分数直接掉。还等啥,咱这就一次把last、the last、the past拆得明明白白!


1. last

last = 直接上一个,加the,接介词of。

  • I saw her last Friday. 我上周五见过她。

  • We moved here last year. 我们去年搬来的。

注意:last week/month/year 是“日历上一个”,不是“最近7天”。


2. the last

the last + 数字 = 倒数几个;the last + 时间段 = 从说话时刻往前算的一段。

用法例句中文
倒数第几the last two pages最后两页
最近一段the last three days have been crazy最近三天都忙疯了

关键:带the,强调“从现在往前数”。


3. the past

the past + 时间段 = 从过去到现在这段持续的时间,常与现在完成时组队。

  • In the past week, it has rained every day. 过去这一周天天下雨。

  • Over the past few years, the city has changed a lot. 过去几年这座城市变化巨大。

区别:the past week 强调“持续到现在”,last week 只是“日历上一周”。


4. 场景PK

  1. I was sick last week → 上周(已结束)

  2. I have been sick for the last week → 过去7天到现在还在病

  3. I have been sick over the past week → 同上,更书面


5. 易错提醒

  • in last year → ✅ last year(不加介词)

  • in the past year 后面用一般过去时 → ✅ 用现在完成时

  • the last Monday → ✅ last Monday(除非特指“倒数第几个周一”)


6. 高分替换

口语书面
last yearin the preceding year
the last few daysin recent days
the past decadeover the preceding decade

小练一下

  1. 填空:I have lived here ___ ___ three years.(用the past)

  2. 改错:He finished the work in last month.

  3. 翻译:过去五天我们一直在排练。

答案
1. in the past
2. He finished the work last month.
3. We have been rehearsing for the past five days.