写英语作文,一写到“过去”就纠结:到底用last week、the last week还是the past week?老师红笔一挥“用词不准”,分数直接掉。还等啥,咱这就一次把last、the last、the past拆得明明白白!
last = 直接上一个,不加the,不接介词of。
I saw her last Friday. 我上周五见过她。
We moved here last year. 我们去年搬来的。
注意:last week/month/year 是“日历上一个”,不是“最近7天”。
the last + 数字 = 倒数几个;the last + 时间段 = 从说话时刻往前算的一段。
| 用法 | 例句 | 中文 |
|---|---|---|
| 倒数第几 | the last two pages | 最后两页 |
| 最近一段 | the last three days have been crazy | 最近三天都忙疯了 |
关键:带the,强调“从现在往前数”。
the past + 时间段 = 从过去到现在这段持续的时间,常与现在完成时组队。
In the past week, it has rained every day. 过去这一周天天下雨。
Over the past few years, the city has changed a lot. 过去几年这座城市变化巨大。
区别:the past week 强调“持续到现在”,last week 只是“日历上一周”。
I was sick last week → 上周(已结束)
I have been sick for the last week → 过去7天到现在还在病
I have been sick over the past week → 同上,更书面
❌ in last year → ✅ last year(不加介词)
❌ in the past year 后面用一般过去时 → ✅ 用现在完成时
❌ the last Monday → ✅ last Monday(除非特指“倒数第几个周一”)
| 口语 | 书面 |
|---|---|
| last year | in the preceding year |
| the last few days | in recent days |
| the past decade | over the preceding decade |
填空:I have lived here ___ ___ three years.(用the past)
改错:He finished the work in last month.
翻译:过去五天我们一直在排练。
答案
1. in the past
2. He finished the work last month.
3. We have been rehearsing for the past five days.