在医学领域,缩写词是快速沟通和记录信息的重要工具。它们帮助医疗专业人员以简洁的方式表达复杂的概念。了解和掌握这些缩写对于医学生、医生和所有医疗保健专业人员来说至关重要。以下是人体各大系统常见的英文缩写大全,旨在提供一个快速参考指南。
一、人体各大系统英文缩写
CNS: Central Nervous System(中枢神经系统)
PNS: Peripheral Nervous System(外周神经系统)
CVS: Cardiovascular System(心血管系统)
RS: Respiratory System(呼吸系统)
GI: Gastrointestinal System(消化系统)
GU: Genitourinary System(泌尿生殖系统)
MS: Musculoskeletal System(骨骼肌肉系统)
ENDO: Endocrine System(内分泌系统)
LYMPH: Lymphatic System(淋巴系统)
IMMUNE: Immune System(免疫系统)
INTEG: Integumentary System(皮肤系统)
REPRO: Reproductive System(生殖系统)
二、循环系统英文缩写
HTN: Hypertension(高血压)
CAD: Coronary Artery Disease(冠状动脉疾病)
MI: Myocardial Infarction(心肌梗死)
CHF: Congestive Heart Failure(充血性心力衰竭)
AFib: Atrial Fibrillation(心房颤动)
PVC: Premature Ventricular Contraction(室早)
PAC: Premature Atrial Contraction(房早)
PE: Pulmonary Embolism(肺栓塞)
DVT: Deep Vein Thrombosis(深静脉血栓形成)
COPD: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease(慢性阻塞性肺疾病)
SVT: Supraventricular Tachycardia(心室上速)
VSD: Ventricular Septal Defect(室间隔缺损)
PVD: Peripheral Vascular Disease(外周血管疾病)
三、呼吸系统英文缩写
ARDS: Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome(急性呼吸窘迫综合征)
COPD: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease(慢性阻塞性肺疾病)
SARs: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome(严重急性呼吸道综合征)
RDS: Respiratory Distress Syndrome(呼吸窘迫综合征)
OSA: Obstructive Sleep Apnea(阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停)
PFT: Pulmonary Function Test(肺功能检查)
TB: Tuberculosis(结核病)
PNA: Pneumonia(肺炎)
CF: Cystic Fibrosis(囊性纤维化)
SDB: Sleep-Disordered Breathing(睡眠呼吸障碍)
ETT: Endotracheal Tube(气管插管)
NIV: Non-Invasive Ventilation(非侵入性通气)
AECOPD: Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease(慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重)
四、神经系统英文缩写
CNS: Central Nervous System(中枢神经系统)
PNS: Peripheral Nervous System(外周神经系统)
CNSP: Central Nervous System Pharmacology(中枢神经系统药理学)
BBB: Blood-Brain Barrier(血脑屏障)
CSF: Cerebrospinal Fluid(脑脊液)
EEG: Electroencephalogram(脑电图)
MRI: Magnetic Resonance Imaging(磁共振成像)
CT: Computed Tomography(计算机断层扫描)
PET: Positron Emission Tomography(正电子发射断层成像)
GABA: Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid(γ-氨基丁酸)
ACh: Acetylcholine(乙酰胆碱)
NE: Norepinephrine(去甲肾上腺素)
DA: Dopamine(多巴胺)
5-HT: 5-Hydroxytryptamine(血清素)
AD: Alzheimer's Disease(阿尔茨海默病)
PD: Parkinson's Disease(帕金森病)
MS: Multiple Sclerosis(多发性硬化症)
ALS: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis(肌萎缩侧索硬化症)
五、消化系统英文缩写
GI: Gastrointestinal(消化系统)
GERD: Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease(胃食管反流病)
IBD: Inflammatory Bowel Disease(炎症性肠病)
IBS: Irritable Bowel Syndrome(肠易激综合征)
HCl: Hydrochloric Acid(盐酸)
PUD: Peptic Ulcer Disease(消化性溃疡病)
CBD: Common Bile Duct(总胆管)
EGD: Esophagogastroduodenoscopy(食管胃十二指肠镜检查)
ERCP: Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography(内窥镜逆行胆管-胰管造影术)
NAFLD: Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease(非酒精性脂肪肝病)
BM: Bowel Movement(排便)
PEG: Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy(经皮内窥镜胃造口术)
CRC: Colorectal Cancer(结直肠癌)
NASH: Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis(非酒精性脂肪性肝炎)
六、泌尿生殖系统英文缩写
UTI: Urinary Tract Infection(尿路感染)
BPH: Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia(良性前列腺增生)
PSA: Prostate-Specific Antigen(前列腺特异性抗原)
ED: Erectile Dysfunction(勃起功能障碍)
PCOS: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome(多囊卵巢综合征)
STI: Sexually Transmitted Infection(性传播感染)
STD: Sexually Transmitted Disease(性传播疾病)
PID: Pelvic Inflammatory Disease(盆腔炎症性疾病)
HPV: Human Papillomavirus(人乳头瘤病毒)
HRT: Hormone Replacement Therapy(激素替代疗法)
IVF: In Vitro Fertilization(体外受精)
IUI: Intrauterine Insemination(子宫内人工授精)
OAB: Overactive Bladder(膀胱过度活动)
PMS: Premenstrual Syndrome(经前综合征)
ERT: Estrogen Replacement Therapy(雌激素替代疗法)
D&C: Dilation and Curettage(扩张和刮宫术)
七、骨骼肌肉系统英文缩写
MSK: Musculoskeletal(骨骼肌肉)
OA: Osteoarthritis(骨关节炎)
RA: Rheumatoid Arthritis(类风湿性关节炎)
Fracture: 骨折
ACL: Anterior Cruciate Ligament(前交叉韧带)
ROM: Range of Motion(活动范围)
DEXA: Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry(双能X射线吸收法)
MRI: Magnetic Resonance Imaging(磁共振成像)
EMG: Electromyography(肌电图)
RICE: Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation(休息、冰敷、压迫、抬高)
CTS: Carpal Tunnel Syndrome(腕管综合征)
PT: Physical Therapy(物理治疗)
OT: Occupational Therapy(职业治疗)
DVT: Deep Vein Thrombosis(深静脉血栓形成)
CK: Creatine Kinase(肌酸激酶)
DOMS: Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness(运动后延迟性肌肉酸痛)
八、内分泌系统英文缩写
ENS: Endocrine Nervous System(内分泌神经系统)
HPA: Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis(下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴)
HPT: Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Thyroid Axis(下丘脑-垂体-甲状腺轴)
HPG: Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Gonadal Axis(下丘脑-垂体-性腺轴)
ACTH: Adrenocorticotropic Hormone(促肾上腺皮质激素)
TSH: Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone(促甲状腺激素)
GH: Growth Hormone(生长激素)
PRL: Prolactin(催乳素)
LH: Luteinizing Hormone(黄体生成激素)
FSH: Follicle-Stimulating Hormone(卵泡刺激素)
ADH: Antidiuretic Hormone(抗利尿激素)
PTH: Parathyroid Hormone(副甲状腺激素)
DM: Diabetes Mellitus(糖尿病)
T1DM: Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus(1型糖尿病)
T2DM: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus(2型糖尿病)
DKA: Diabetic Ketoacidosis(糖尿病酮症酸中毒)
MEN: Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia(多发性内分泌肿瘤)
Pcos: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome(多囊卵巢综合征)
HRT: Hormone Replacement Therapy(激素替代疗法)
九、淋巴系统英文缩写
LNs: Lymph Nodes(淋巴结)
Lymph: Lymphatic(淋巴)
MALT: Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue(粘膜相关淋巴组织)
NHL: Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma(非霍奇金淋巴瘤)
HL: Hodgkin Lymphoma(霍奇金淋巴瘤)
CLL: Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia(慢性淋巴细胞白血病)
APL: Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia(急性早幼粒细胞白血病)
BM: Bone Marrow(骨髓)
HSCs: Hematopoietic Stem Cells(造血干细胞)
PALS: Periarteriolar Lymphoid Sheaths(动脉周围淋巴滤泡)
Spleen: 脾脏
TILs: Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes(肿瘤浸润淋巴细胞)
NK cells: Natural Killer Cells(自然杀伤细胞)
Ig: Immunoglobulin(免疫球蛋白)
BMT: Bone Marrow Transplantation(骨髓移植)
SCID: Severe Combined Immunodeficiency(严重综合免疫缺陷症)
AIDS: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome(获得性免疫缺陷综合征)
ECM: Extracellular Matrix(细胞外基质)
十、免疫系统英文缩写
Immune system: 免疫系统
APCs: Antigen-Presenting Cells(抗原呈递细胞)
T cells: T lymphocytes(T细胞)
B cells: B lymphocytes(B细胞)
NK cells: Natural Killer cells(自然杀伤细胞)
MHC: Major Histocompatibility Complex(主要组织相容性复合体)
Ig: Immunoglobulin(免疫球蛋白)
IFN: Interferon(干扰素)
IL: Interleukin(白介素)
TNF: Tumor Necrosis Factor(肿瘤坏死因子)
Th cells: Helper T cells(辅助T细胞)
CTLs: Cytotoxic T lymphocytes(细胞毒性T细胞)
DAMPs: Damage-Associated Molecular Patterns(损伤相关分子模式)
PAMPs: Pathogen-Associated Molecular Patterns(病原体相关分子模式)
TLRs: Toll-Like Receptors(Toll样受体)
DCs: Dendritic Cells(树突状细胞)
PRRs: Pattern Recognition Receptors(模式识别受体)
CDC: Complement-Dependent Cytotoxicity(补体依赖性细胞毒性)
HLA: Human Leukocyte Antigen(人类白细胞抗原)
ADCC: Antibody-Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity(抗体依赖性细胞毒性)
以上是人体各大系统常见的英文缩写列表,这些缩写在日常医疗实践、学术研究和专业交流中扮演着重要角色。熟悉这些缩写有助于提高工作效率,并确保信息传递的准确性。随着医学的不断发展,新的缩写可能会出现,因此持续学习和更新知识库对于医疗专业人员来说至关重要。
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