医学英语:人体各大系统常见英文缩写大全

英语作文    发布时间:2024-11-13  
划词翻译

在医学领域,缩写词是快速沟通和记录信息的重要工具。它们帮助医疗专业人员以简洁的方式表达复杂的概念。了解和掌握这些缩写对于医学生、医生和所有医疗保健专业人员来说至关重要。以下是人体各大系统常见的英文缩写大全,旨在提供一个快速参考指南。

一、人体各大系统英文缩写

  • CNS: Central Nervous System(中枢神经系统)

  • PNS: Peripheral Nervous System(外周神经系统)

  • CVS: Cardiovascular System(心血管系统)

  • RS: Respiratory System(呼吸系统)

  • GI: Gastrointestinal System(消化系统)

  • GU: Genitourinary System(泌尿生殖系统)

  • MS: Musculoskeletal System(骨骼肌肉系统)

  • ENDO: Endocrine System(内分泌系统)

  • LYMPH: Lymphatic System(淋巴系统)

  • IMMUNE: Immune System(免疫系统)

  • INTEG: Integumentary System(皮肤系统)

  • REPRO: Reproductive System(生殖系统)

二、循环系统英文缩写

  • HTN: Hypertension(高血压)

  • CAD: Coronary Artery Disease(冠状动脉疾病)

  • MI: Myocardial Infarction(心肌梗死)

  • CHF: Congestive Heart Failure(充血性心力衰竭)

  • AFib: Atrial Fibrillation(心房颤动)

  • PVC: Premature Ventricular Contraction(室早)

  • PAC: Premature Atrial Contraction(房早)

  • PE: Pulmonary Embolism(肺栓塞)

  • DVT: Deep Vein Thrombosis(深静脉血栓形成)

  • COPD: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease(慢性阻塞性肺疾病)

  • SVT: Supraventricular Tachycardia(心室上速)

  • VSD: Ventricular Septal Defect(室间隔缺损)

  • PVD: Peripheral Vascular Disease(外周血管疾病)

三、呼吸系统英文缩写

  • ARDS: Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome(急性呼吸窘迫综合征)

  • COPD: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease(慢性阻塞性肺疾病)

  • SARs: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome(严重急性呼吸道综合征)

  • RDS: Respiratory Distress Syndrome(呼吸窘迫综合征)

  • OSA: Obstructive Sleep Apnea(阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停)

  • PFT: Pulmonary Function Test(肺功能检查)

  • TB: Tuberculosis(结核病)

  • PNA: Pneumonia(肺炎)

  • CF: Cystic Fibrosis(囊性纤维化)

  • SDB: Sleep-Disordered Breathing(睡眠呼吸障碍)

  • ETT: Endotracheal Tube(气管插管)

  • NIV: Non-Invasive Ventilation(非侵入性通气)

  • AECOPD: Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease(慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重)

四、神经系统英文缩写

  • CNS: Central Nervous System(中枢神经系统)

  • PNS: Peripheral Nervous System(外周神经系统)

  • CNSP: Central Nervous System Pharmacology(中枢神经系统药理学)

  • BBB: Blood-Brain Barrier(血脑屏障)

  • CSF: Cerebrospinal Fluid(脑脊液)

  • EEG: Electroencephalogram(脑电图)

  • MRI: Magnetic Resonance Imaging(磁共振成像)

  • CT: Computed Tomography(计算机断层扫描)

  • PET: Positron Emission Tomography(正电子发射断层成像)

  • GABA: Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid(γ-氨基丁酸)

  • ACh: Acetylcholine(乙酰胆碱)

  • NE: Norepinephrine(去甲肾上腺素)

  • DA: Dopamine(多巴胺)

  • 5-HT: 5-Hydroxytryptamine(血清素)

  • AD: Alzheimer's Disease(阿尔茨海默病)

  • PD: Parkinson's Disease(帕金森病)

  • MS: Multiple Sclerosis(多发性硬化症)

  • ALS: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis(肌萎缩侧索硬化症)

五、消化系统英文缩写

  • GI: Gastrointestinal(消化系统)

  • GERD: Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease(胃食管反流病)

  • IBD: Inflammatory Bowel Disease(炎症性肠病)

  • IBS: Irritable Bowel Syndrome(肠易激综合征)

  • HCl: Hydrochloric Acid(盐酸)

  • PUD: Peptic Ulcer Disease(消化性溃疡病)

  • CBD: Common Bile Duct(总胆管)

  • EGD: Esophagogastroduodenoscopy(食管胃十二指肠镜检查)

  • ERCP: Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography(内窥镜逆行胆管-胰管造影术)

  • NAFLD: Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease(非酒精性脂肪肝病)

  • BM: Bowel Movement(排便)

  • PEG: Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy(经皮内窥镜胃造口术)

  • CRC: Colorectal Cancer(结直肠癌)

  • NASH: Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis(非酒精性脂肪性肝炎)

六、泌尿生殖系统英文缩写

  • UTI: Urinary Tract Infection(尿路感染)

  • BPH: Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia(良性前列腺增生)

  • PSA: Prostate-Specific Antigen(前列腺特异性抗原)

  • ED: Erectile Dysfunction(勃起功能障碍)

  • PCOS: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome(多囊卵巢综合征)

  • STI: Sexually Transmitted Infection(性传播感染)

  • STD: Sexually Transmitted Disease(性传播疾病)

  • PID: Pelvic Inflammatory Disease(盆腔炎症性疾病)

  • HPV: Human Papillomavirus(人乳头瘤病毒)

  • HRT: Hormone Replacement Therapy(激素替代疗法)

  • IVF: In Vitro Fertilization(体外受精)

  • IUI: Intrauterine Insemination(子宫内人工授精)

  • OAB: Overactive Bladder(膀胱过度活动)

  • PMS: Premenstrual Syndrome(经前综合征)

  • ERT: Estrogen Replacement Therapy(雌激素替代疗法)

  • D&C: Dilation and Curettage(扩张和刮宫术)

七、骨骼肌肉系统英文缩写

  • MSK: Musculoskeletal(骨骼肌肉)

  • OA: Osteoarthritis(骨关节炎)

  • RA: Rheumatoid Arthritis(类风湿性关节炎)

  • Fracture: 骨折

  • ACL: Anterior Cruciate Ligament(前交叉韧带)

  • ROM: Range of Motion(活动范围)

  • DEXA: Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry(双能X射线吸收法)

  • MRI: Magnetic Resonance Imaging(磁共振成像)

  • EMG: Electromyography(肌电图)

  • RICE: Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation(休息、冰敷、压迫、抬高)

  • CTS: Carpal Tunnel Syndrome(腕管综合征)

  • PT: Physical Therapy(物理治疗)

  • OT: Occupational Therapy(职业治疗)

  • DVT: Deep Vein Thrombosis(深静脉血栓形成)

  • CK: Creatine Kinase(肌酸激酶)

  • DOMS: Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness(运动后延迟性肌肉酸痛)

八、内分泌系统英文缩写

  • ENS: Endocrine Nervous System(内分泌神经系统)

  • HPA: Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis(下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴)

  • HPT: Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Thyroid Axis(下丘脑-垂体-甲状腺轴)

  • HPG: Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Gonadal Axis(下丘脑-垂体-性腺轴)

  • ACTH: Adrenocorticotropic Hormone(促肾上腺皮质激素)

  • TSH: Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone(促甲状腺激素)

  • GH: Growth Hormone(生长激素)

  • PRL: Prolactin(催乳素)

  • LH: Luteinizing Hormone(黄体生成激素)

  • FSH: Follicle-Stimulating Hormone(卵泡刺激素)

  • ADH: Antidiuretic Hormone(抗利尿激素)

  • PTH: Parathyroid Hormone(副甲状腺激素)

  • DM: Diabetes Mellitus(糖尿病)

  • T1DM: Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus(1型糖尿病)

  • T2DM: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus(2型糖尿病)

  • DKA: Diabetic Ketoacidosis(糖尿病酮症酸中毒)

  • MEN: Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia(多发性内分泌肿瘤)

  • Pcos: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome(多囊卵巢综合征)

  • HRT: Hormone Replacement Therapy(激素替代疗法)

九、淋巴系统英文缩写

  • LNs: Lymph Nodes(淋巴结)

  • Lymph: Lymphatic(淋巴)

  • MALT: Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue(粘膜相关淋巴组织)

  • NHL: Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma(非霍奇金淋巴瘤)

  • HL: Hodgkin Lymphoma(霍奇金淋巴瘤)

  • CLL: Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia(慢性淋巴细胞白血病)

  • APL: Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia(急性早幼粒细胞白血病)

  • BM: Bone Marrow(骨髓)

  • HSCs: Hematopoietic Stem Cells(造血干细胞)

  • PALS: Periarteriolar Lymphoid Sheaths(动脉周围淋巴滤泡)

  • Spleen: 脾脏

  • TILs: Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes(肿瘤浸润淋巴细胞)

  • NK cells: Natural Killer Cells(自然杀伤细胞)

  • Ig: Immunoglobulin(免疫球蛋白)

  • BMT: Bone Marrow Transplantation(骨髓移植)

  • SCID: Severe Combined Immunodeficiency(严重综合免疫缺陷症)

  • AIDS: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome(获得性免疫缺陷综合征)

  • ECM: Extracellular Matrix(细胞外基质)

十、免疫系统英文缩写

  • Immune system: 免疫系统

  • APCs: Antigen-Presenting Cells(抗原呈递细胞)

  • T cells: T lymphocytes(T细胞)

  • B cells: B lymphocytes(B细胞)

  • NK cells: Natural Killer cells(自然杀伤细胞)

  • MHC: Major Histocompatibility Complex(主要组织相容性复合体)

  • Ig: Immunoglobulin(免疫球蛋白)

  • IFN: Interferon(干扰素)

  • IL: Interleukin(白介素)

  • TNF: Tumor Necrosis Factor(肿瘤坏死因子)

  • Th cells: Helper T cells(辅助T细胞)

  • CTLs: Cytotoxic T lymphocytes(细胞毒性T细胞)

  • DAMPs: Damage-Associated Molecular Patterns(损伤相关分子模式)

  • PAMPs: Pathogen-Associated Molecular Patterns(病原体相关分子模式)

  • TLRs: Toll-Like Receptors(Toll样受体)

  • DCs: Dendritic Cells(树突状细胞)

  • PRRs: Pattern Recognition Receptors(模式识别受体)

  • CDC: Complement-Dependent Cytotoxicity(补体依赖性细胞毒性)

  • HLA: Human Leukocyte Antigen(人类白细胞抗原)

  • ADCC: Antibody-Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity(抗体依赖性细胞毒性)

以上是人体各大系统常见的英文缩写列表,这些缩写在日常医疗实践、学术研究和专业交流中扮演着重要角色。熟悉这些缩写有助于提高工作效率,并确保信息传递的准确性。随着医学的不断发展,新的缩写可能会出现,因此持续学习和更新知识库对于医疗专业人员来说至关重要。