在英语学习中,理解助动词的用法至关重要。尤其是“ought to”,它在表达义务和建议时,语气独特且丰富。通过分析“ought to”的多种用法,我们不仅能够提高语法能力,还能更有效地进行沟通。接下来,我们将深入探讨这一结构的用法及其在不同情境中的应用,通过例句和练习加深理解。
<例句>
What ought I to say to him?
我该对他说些什么呢?
<语法分析>
ought总是和to一起用,可以表示义务、约束力,意为“应该,应当”,语气比should强,比must弱。还可以表示事与愿违,意为“本应该,本当”。在口语中表示愿望,意为“......才好”。ought后面的不定式可用完成形式、进行形式或被动形式等。ought to 一般不用过去时,在宾语从句中,可用于过去时。ought还可以表示揣测的意味。
<触类旁通>
(1) I ought to write to her today.
我今天应当给她写信。
语法分析:表示“应该,应当”
(2) She ought to have stopped at the traffice lights.
在红绿灯前她本应该停车。
语法分析:后面的不定式可用完成形式。
(3) I ought to be leaving now.
我现在该走了。
语法分析:后面的不定式可用进行形式。
(4) Something ought to be done about it.
对此应当想些办法。
语法分析:后面的不定式可用被动形式。
(5) He ought to pass his test.
他应当能通过考试。
语法分析:ought还可以表示揣测。
(6) The chils ought not to hace been allowed to go alone.
本不该叫孩子一个人去。
语法分析:表示事与愿违,意为“本应该,本当”。
(7) He said she ought to leave for Japan.
他说她该动身去日本。
语法分析:在宾语从句中,ought to 可用于过去时。
<巩固练习>
(1) You ought to ______[read] this novel.
(2) Ought I to ______[write] to say thank you.
(3) She ought to ______[come] to the meeting, but I didn't see her.
(4) You ought not to _____[drive] so fast.
(5) She ought to _____[isolate].
(6) The water ought to _____[boil] by now.
(7) I ought to _____[hear] from her soon.
(8) There ought not to _____ must noise in a hospital.
(9) She ought to ______[do] it yesterday.
<参考答案>
(1) read (2) write (3) have come (4) have been driving (5) be isolated (6) have boiled (7) be hearing (8) be (9) have done
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