翻译辨析:the constant runs怎么会是不停地拉肚子?

英语作文    发布时间:2024-02-01  
划词翻译

原文:

The patient complained that he had terrible stomach pains and the constant runs.

原译:

病人埋怨说,他肚子疼得厉害,只好不停地跑。


辨 析:

首先,complain不等于“埋怨”,这里表示病人“自述”,如:

  • He complained of a headache.(他自述头疼。)

我们平时说的“意见箱”,英语就叫complain box


原译的主要问题还在后面。读者会问“肚子疼的人为什么要不停地跑?”其实,这里的run和“跑”没有关系

run 是一个常用词,意思非常多,不仅可以表示动态的“跑”,还可以表示静止的状态,比如下面这个问题:What runs a long way but stays in the same place? 答案是a road,这里的run是“通向……”或“延伸”的意思。

run 可以是不及物动词,如He runs very fast(跑),也可以是及物动词,如He is now running three workshops(管理),还可以是系动词,如The old man soon ran mad(变得)。

run还可以用作名词,也有很多意思,如:

  • After the race she still had a lot of run in her.(跑步的力气)

  • We'll take a run up to the top of the hill.(跑)

  • She noticed the run in her stockings.(抽丝)

  • He did a run of scales.(按音阶的急奏)

  • The new book had a considerable run.(畅销 / 流行)

  • They put on the play for a run of 100 nights.(连续上演,一般译作“轮”,如“首轮影院”就叫first-run cinema)

要了解原文中run的意思,就要从这个思路去思考:大家知道,得了感冒的人have a running nose,当然不是说鼻子会跑,而是“老流鼻涕”。英语里有一则笑话,病人对医生说:I have a running nose and smelling feet. 医生便回答说:You are built upside down.(病人“装倒了”)你能领悟出其中的“包袱”吗?又如:Her eyes constantly run with tears.(她老流眼泪。)顺着这个线索不难猜出原文里the constant runs是“不停地拉肚子 / 腹泻”的意思。


所以全句可译为:病人自诉肚子疼得厉害,而且不停地泻