在英语中,被动语态是一种表达方式,它将动作的承受者置于句子的主语位置,而执行者则可能被省略或通过介词"by"来引入。被动语态的使用可以强调动作的接受者,或者在某些情况下,当动作的执行者不重要或未知时,被动语态就显得尤为有用。例如,在新闻报道、科技文章和正式通知中,被动语态的使用可以让信息的传递更加客观和清晰。通过学习被动语态,我们可以更灵活地表达我们的想法,尤其是在需要突出动作结果或承受者时。
<语法分析>
被动结构通常在动作的执行者不明确或不需要提及时使用。当动作的承受者或结果成为谈话的焦点时,也会使用被动结构。有时候,为了避免直接提及动作的执行者,尤其是在措辞上需要时,被动语态可以被使用。此外,在公告、通知、新闻报道、报纸标题以及科技文章中,被动语态也是一种常见的表达方式。
<触类旁通>
We are called on to take an active part in the movement. 语法分析:在动作的执行者不明确或没有必要提到的情况下,可以使用被动结构。
A peace treaty was finally signed. 语法分析:当没有必要提及动作的执行者时,可以使用被动结构。
When she was ill her children were looked after by neighbours. 语法分析:当动作的承受者或结果成为谈话的中心时,使用被动结构。
The house next door has been bought by someone. 语法分析:被动结构的句子通常由一个"by"引导的短语来说明动作的执行者,有时也可以省略。
It's hoped that such things would not happen again. 语法分析:为了措辞上的需要,使用被动结构可以避免提及动作的执行者。
She appeared on the stage and was warmly applauded by the audience. 语法分析:使用被动结构可以使句子的布局更加合理。
<巩固练习>
When will the result be announced?
Rent has to be paid in advance.
A new public library is being built.
This sort of advertisement is seen everywhere.
She was believed to have made an important discovery.
The letter has been opened!
<参考答案>
be announced
be paid
being built
is seen
was believed
been opened