Firefighting is a crucial service that involves responding to and extinguishing fires. Firefighters are trained professionals who handle emergency situations involving fire, rescue, and hazardous materials. Fire departments work in collaboration with other emergency services to protect life and property from the destructive power of fire.
The primary responsibility of a firefighter is to extinguish fires, but their duties also include rescue operations, providing medical assistance, and educating the public about fire safety. Firefighters use specialized equipment, such as fire trucks, hoses, and protective gear, to handle various fire-related emergencies.
Fire prevention plays an essential role in firefighting. Many fire departments focus on public education, teaching people how to prevent fires in their homes and workplaces. This includes fire drills, the installation of smoke alarms, and ensuring that fire extinguishers are properly maintained.
Fires can result from various causes, including electrical faults, gas leaks, and arson. Effective firefighting requires not only bravery but also the right tools and techniques. The use of water, foam, and fire retardants are some common methods employed to extinguish fires. In some cases, firefighters must also rescue people trapped in buildings or vehicles affected by fire.
Modern firefighting also involves dealing with hazardous materials such as chemicals or biohazards. Firefighters need to be well-trained in handling these materials to prevent further harm to themselves and others. Technology, such as drones and thermal imaging, is increasingly being used in firefighting efforts to improve efficiency and safety.
消防是一个至关重要的服务，涉及应对和扑灭火灾。消防员是经过专业训练的人员，他们处理涉及火灾、救援和危险品的紧急情况。消防部门与其他应急服务部门合作，以保护生命和财产免受火灾的破坏。
消防员的主要职责是扑灭火灾，但他们的工作还包括进行救援、提供医疗援助以及教育公众如何预防火灾。消防员使用专业设备，如消防车、消防水管和防护装备，来处理各种与火灾相关的紧急情况。
火灾预防在消防工作中起着至关重要的作用。许多消防部门注重公众教育，教导人们如何在家庭和工作场所预防火灾。这包括进行火灾演习、安装烟雾报警器，以及确保灭火器得到正确维护。
火灾可能由多种原因引起，包括电气故障、气体泄漏和纵火等。有效的消防不仅需要勇气，还需要合适的工具和技术。水、泡沫和灭火剂是常用的灭火方法。在某些情况下，消防员还必须救援被困在火灾中的人们。
现代消防还涉及处理有害物质，如化学品或生物危害。消防员需要经过专门培训，处理这些材料，以防止对自己和他人造成进一步伤害。现代技术，如无人机和热成像技术，也越来越多地应用于消防工作中，以提高效率和安全性。
Firefighting — 消防，灭火
Firefighting involves responding to and extinguishing fires.
消防工作包括应对并扑灭火灾。
Firefighter — 消防员
A firefighter is a professional trained to handle emergencies involving fire.
消防员是经过专业训练来处理火灾紧急情况的人员。
Fire department — 消防部门
The fire department is responsible for providing firefighting and rescue services.
消防部门负责提供消防和救援服务。
Rescue operations — 救援行动
Firefighters conduct rescue operations to save people from dangerous situations.
消防员进行救援行动，以从危险情况中救出人们。
Fire prevention — 火灾预防
Fire prevention involves measures to reduce the risk of fire, such as education and fire drills.
火灾预防包括减少火灾风险的措施，如教育和火灾演习。
Fire retardants — 灭火剂
Fire retardants are chemicals used to slow or stop the spread of fire.
灭火剂是用于减缓或停止火势蔓延的化学物质。
Hazardous materials — 危险物质
Firefighters are trained to handle hazardous materials like chemicals or biohazards.
消防员经过训练，能够处理如化学品或生物危害等危险物质。
Thermal imaging — 热成像
Thermal imaging technology helps firefighters detect heat sources during fires.
热成像技术帮助消防员在火灾中发现热源。
Smoke alarms — 烟雾报警器
Installing smoke alarms is a key part of fire prevention.
安装烟雾报警器是火灾预防的关键部分。
Fire truck — 消防车
A fire truck is equipped with tools and water tanks to fight fires.
消防车配备了工具和水箱用于灭火。
Rescue — 救援
Firefighters are often involved in rescue operations, saving people from fire hazards.
消防员常常参与救援行动，救人脱离火灾危险。
Emergency Dispatcher: 911, what's your emergency?
Caller:
There's a fire in my building! The smoke is everywhere, and I can’t breathe!
Emergency Dispatcher:
Stay calm. Where are you located?
Caller:
I'm at 42 Maple Street, Apartment 3B.
Emergency Dispatcher:
Help is on the way. Are you trapped?
Caller:
No, I’m in the hallway, but the smoke is getting worse. I’m trying to find the exit.
Emergency Dispatcher:
Good. Keep low to the ground where the air is clearer. Firefighters will be there shortly.
紧急接警员：
911，请问有什么紧急情况？
来电者：
我的大楼着火了！烟雾弥漫，我无法呼吸！
紧急接警员：
保持冷静。请告诉我你的位置。
来电者：
我在枫树街42号，3B公寓。
紧急接警员：
救援人员已经出发。你被困了吗？
来电者：
没有，我在走廊里，但是烟雾越来越大。我正在寻找出口。
紧急接警员：
很好。保持靠低处，因为低处空气比较清新。消防员很快就会到。
Firefighter:
Stay back, everyone! We’re going to put out the fire. Please stay calm and follow our instructions.
Resident:
Thank you! Is it safe to go back inside?
Firefighter:
Not yet. The fire is under control, but we need to ventilate the building. Please wait outside.
Resident:
How long will it take?
Firefighter:
It will take about 30 minutes for the smoke to clear and for us to make sure the fire is completely out.
消防员：
请大家退后！我们正在扑灭火灾。请保持冷静，按照我们的指示行动。
居民：
谢谢！我可以回去吗？
消防员：
还不行。火灾已经得到控制，但我们需要通风处理大楼。请在外面等一下。
居民：
需要多久才能进去？
消防员：
大约30分钟，烟雾才会散去，我们也能确认火完全扑灭。
Firefighter:
Fire prevention is key to avoiding disasters. Do you have a fire extinguisher at home?
Resident:
Yes, I have one in the kitchen. But I'm not sure how to use it properly.
Firefighter:
Let me show you. First, make sure you pull the safety pin. Then, aim at the base of the fire and press the handle.
Resident:
Thanks! Should I have a fire escape plan too?
Firefighter:
Absolutely! It's important to have two ways out of every room, and everyone in your household should know the plan.
消防员：
火灾预防是避免灾难的关键。你家里有灭火器吗？
居民：
有，我的厨房里有一个。但是我不太确定怎么正确使用。
消防员：
让我来示范一下。首先，确保拉开安全销。然后，对准火源的底部，按下把手。
居民：
谢谢！我还需要有火灾逃生计划吗？
消防员：
当然！非常重要的是每个房间都应该有两条逃生路线，家里的每个人都应该知道这个计划。