在学习英语的过程中,我们常常遇到需要表达原因的句子。为了更好地掌握这些表达,我们必须了解英语中几个常用的表示原因的词汇:as, because, since 和 for。这些词虽然都有“因为”的意思,但它们的使用场合却有所不同。
"Because" 是最常用的表示原因的词汇,尤其在表达某个行为的直接原因时,它显得尤为重要。通常,当原因是句子的最主要部分时,我们使用 "because"。而且,“because”引导的原因从句一般会放在句子后面。
例如:
You want to know why I'm leaving? I'm leaving because I'm FED UP!
你想知道我为什么要离开?我要离开是因为我受够了!
People dislike me because I'm handsome and successful.
人们不喜欢我是因为我人长得帅,事业上也很成功。
值得注意的是,"because" 不仅可以引导一个简单的原因句,还可以引出名词性从句作主语或表语。
If you feel cold, it is because you didn't put on your overcoat.
如果你感觉冷,那是因为你没穿大衣。
Just because a child may grow up in the relative security of home and school and neighborhood doesn't mean that the human comedy-tragedy is not a part of daily life.
就因为一个孩子可能在家庭、学校和社区相对比较安全的环境中长大,并不意味着人间的悲喜剧不是日常生活的一部分。
当原因是已为人所知,或原因并不是句子最重要的部分时,我们可以使用 "as" 或 "since" 来表示原因。其中,"since" 比 "as" 更正式一些。
例如:
As women were not supposed to be novelists, she took the name of George Eliot.
由于女人被认为不应当小说家,所以她采用了乔治·艾略特这一名字。
Since you are unwilling to co-operate, I'll have to find some other person to work with.
既然你不愿合作,我将不得不另找别人一起干。
值得注意的是,"as" 和 "since" 引导的原因从句一般放在句首,且它们给人的感觉是原因已为人所知,或与句子其余部分相比不那么重要。
"For" 主要用于表示事后想出的原因。当我们想要对前述情况加以说明或解释时,通常使用 "for"。这时,"for" 引出的原因从句并不放在句首,而是紧跟在前一句之后。
例如:
I decided to stop and have lunch — for I was feeling hungry.
我决定停下来吃午饭——因为我感觉饿了。
It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet.
昨天夜里肯定下雨了,因为地是湿的。
"For" 通常表示说话者是在事后对某个动作或情况给出的解释,而不是直接表达一个即时的原因。
当你想明确且直接表达原因时,使用 "because"。
如果原因已经很清楚,且不影响句子主旨,可以使用 "as" 或 "since"("since" 更正式)。
如果你在事后解释某个行为或现象,使用 "for"。
1. 请根据上下文填空:
She was late to the meeting, ________ she missed the bus.
______ the weather was bad, we decided to postpone the event.
He refused to answer my question, ________ he was uncomfortable with the topic.
We shouldn’t leave yet, ________ we haven’t finished our work.
2. 翻译下列句子:
If you're confused, it's because you didn't pay attention to the instructions.
Since you've finished your homework, you can relax now.
I stayed home all day, for I was feeling a bit sick.
As we know, the company is expanding rapidly.
3. 根据给出的句子,选择正确的连接词(as, because, since, for):
She was angry ________ I didn't invite her to the party.
We can't go to the park today, ________ it is raining heavily.
He is very talented, ________ he can play multiple musical instruments.
He had to cancel the meeting, ________ he was feeling unwell.