原文:
As soon as she saw all the dirt on his clothes she went off on him.
原译:
一看到他衣服上所有的土,她就走掉了。
辨 析:
先说说“所有的土”。原文中的she之所以生气,恐怕不是因为看到“土”,而是因为看到他“弄脏了衣服”,所以不妨可将前半句译成“一看到他衣服上满是土”或“一看到他把衣服弄得那么脏”,甚至“一看到他满身是土”。
这一句的关键问题还在如何理解went off,这里是“走掉了”的意思吗?go off的本义确实是“走开”,《麦克米伦高阶美语词典》(Macmillan English Dictionary for Advanced Learners of American English )给go off下的第4个释义就是 to leave a place, especially for a particular purpose(为了某个目的而离开某地)。请看这一句:
His wife was angry and went off on him.他妻子生气离他出走了。(注意这里的介词on用得很有意思。on常常有攻击的意思,请参见上述词典对on的第20项释义)
其实,上述词典给go off 下的第2项释义就是 to start making a noise as a sign of warning(大声发出警告)。这种用法本来是俚语,现在已为美国主流英语所接受,成为一个常用短语,而go off on somebody则是“朝某人大声嚷嚷”、“大声训斥某人”的意思。这一义项列在“走掉”之前,说明在实际应用中表示“大声警告”的频率更高。原文中的went off也是这个意思,其正确译文应该是:一看到他衣服上全是土,她就大声嚷开了/ 嚷了起来。
I had to go off on him for constantly missing deadlines.
我不得不对他大发雷霆,因为他总是错过截止日期。
"go off" 这个短语有几种不同的意思
1. 离开;起程
- We need to go off early tomorrow morning.
(我们明天早上需要早点出发。)
2. 响起;(闹钟等)响起
- The alarm clock went off at 6 am.
(闹钟在早上六点响了。)
3. 爆炸;发生爆炸
- The fireworks went off with a bang.
(烟花“轰”的一声爆炸开了。)
4. 发脾气;大发雷霆
- He went off when he found out about the broken vase.
(他一发现花瓶碎了就发火了。)
5. 变质;变坏
- This milk smells like it's gone off.
(这牛奶闻起来像是变质了。)