文学评论界一贯认为,狄更斯对英语语言的把握可谓出神入化。他的作品用词简单明了,朴实易懂。他不选用那些华而不实的词语,作品中不含半点矫揉造作之势。所以,他的作品读来朴实无华,如行云流水。本篇选段即摘自他晚期作品《远大前程》。
As the night was fast falling, and as the moon, being past the full, would not rise early, we held a little council: a short one, for clearly our course was to lie by at the first lonely tavern we could find. So, they plied their oars once more, and I looked out for anything like a house. Thus we held on, speaking little, for four or five dull miles. It was very cold, and, a collier coming by us, with her gallery-fire smoking and flaring, looked like a comfortable home. The night was as dark by this time as it would be until morning; and what light we had, seemed to come more from the river than the sky, as the oars in their dipping stuck at a few reflected stars.
Excerpt From Great Expectations
By Charles Dickens
[注释]
-council [ˈkaʊnsl] n. 讨论会议 an assembly of persons called together for consultation deliberation, or discussion
-tavern [ˈtævən] n. 酒馆,客栈 a pub or an inn
plied their oars :使劲划起浆来
-collier [ˈkɒlɪə] n. 运煤船 a ship that carries coal
-gallery-fire [ˈɡælərɪˈfaɪə] n. 厨房 here refers to kitchen
[参考译文]
远大前程
查尔斯·狄更斯
天黑得很快,偏巧这天又是下弦月,月亮不会很早升起。我们就稍稍商量了一下,可是也用不着多讨论,因为情况是明摆着的,再划下去我们一遇到冷落的酒店就得投宿。于是他们又使劲打起桨来,我则用心寻找岸上是否隐隐约约有什么房屋的模样。这样又赶了四五英里路,一路上好不气闷,大家简直不说一句话。天气非常冷,一艘煤船从我们近旁驶过,船上厨房里生着火,炊烟缕缕,火光荧荧,在我们看来简直就是个安乐家了。这时夜色已经黑透,看来就要这样一黑到天明,我们仅有的一点光亮,似乎不是来自天空,而是来自河上,一桨又一桨的,搅动着那寥寥几颗倒映在水里的寒星。
(王一科 译)
[作品导读]
Great Expectations ,意思为“一笔遗产”,中文有的译为《远大前程》(有的译作《孤星血泪》)。 这个译名给读者一种印象,即作品的主人公是有远大前程的。 而事实上,这个“远大前程”是带讽刺意义的。这部作品的主题决非仅仅是写孤儿皮普想成为上等人的理想幻灭的故事,如果这样理解,就错误地理解了狄更斯创作这部作品的意义。皮普生活在姐姐家里,生活艰苦,他的理想是当一名像姐夫一样的铁匠,他没有想过要成为上等人。后来他之所以想成为上等人是环境使然。狄更斯的哲学思想之一是环境对人思想的影响。不同的环境可以造就不同的人。皮普的整个发展过程是符合一般人性论的。