双语诗歌·拜伦《哀希腊》

英语作文    发布时间:2023-11-07  
划词翻译

拜伦(George G. Byron)是英国浪漫主义文学的杰出代表,他的作品以其深厚的情感、对人性的关怀和对自由的追求而闻名。他的诗歌作品《哀希腊》(Childe Harold's Pilgrimage)被认为是他最重要的作品之一。


《哀希腊》可以说是一部浪漫主义史诗,它展现了拜伦对希腊神话与历史的热爱,同时也反映了他对个人自由和对人类命运的关注。这部作品风格优美,充满了浪漫主义的豪情壮志和对自然、历史的热爱。其中融入了对古希腊文明的赞美,对自由的呼吁以及对人生苦难的深刻思考,展现出了拜伦对人类命运的探索和思考。


评价上,拜伦的《哀希腊》被认为是浪漫主义文学的经典之一,它展现了作者对人性、自由以及古希腊文明的热爱和向往,对后世文学产生了深远的影响。他的语言优美,情感真挚,作品中蕴含着对自由的向往和对人类命运的关怀,使其成为了不朽的文学经典。

George G. Byron 拜伦 The Isles of Greece

George G. Byron

The isles of Greece, the isles of Greece!

Where burning Sappho loved and sung,

Where grew the arts of war and peace,

Where Delos rose, and Phoebus sprung!

Eternal summer gilds them yet,

But all, except their sun, is set.

The Scian and the Teian muse,

The hero's harp , the lover's lute,

Have found the fame your shores refuse;

Their place of birth alone is mute

To sounds which echo further west

Than your sires' 'Islands of the Blest.'

The mountains look on Marathon —

And Marathon looks on the sea;

And musing there an hour alone,

I dream'd that Greece might still be free;

For standing on the Persians' grave ,

I could not deem myself a slave.

A king sate on the rocky brow

Which looks o'er sea-born Salamis;

And ships, by thousands, lay below,

And men in nations;—all were his!

He counted them at break of day—

And when the sun set where were they?

And where are they? and where art thou,

My country? On thy voiceless shore

The heroic lay is tuneless now—

The heroic bosom beats no more!

And must thy lyre, so long divine,

Degenerate into hands like mine?

Tis something, in the dearth of fame,

Though link'd among a fetter'd race,

To feel at least a patriot's shame,

Even as I sing, suffuse my face;

For what is left the poet here?

For Greeks a blush—for Greece a tear.

Must we but weep o'er days more blest?

Must we but blush?—Our fathers bled.

Earth! render back from out thy breast

A remnant of our Spartan dead!

Of the three hundred grant but three,

To make a new Thermopylae!

What, silent still? and silent all?

Ah! no;—the voices of the dead

Sound like a distant torrent's fall,

And answer, 'Let one living head,

But one arise ,—we come, we come!'

Tis but the living who are dumb.

In vain—in vain: strike other chords ;

Fill high the cup with Samian wine!

Leave battles to the Turkish hordes,

And shed the blood of Scio's vine!

Hark! rising to the ignoble call—

How answers each bold Bacchanal!

You have the Pyrrhic dance as yet;

Where is the Pyrrhic phalanx gone?

Of two such lessons, why forget

The nobler and the manlier one?

You have the letters Cadmus gave—

Think ye he meant them for a slave?

Fill high the bowl with Samian wine!

We will not think of themes like these!

It made Anacreon's song divine :

He served—but served Polycrates—

A tyrant; but our masters then

Were still, at least, our countrymen.

The tyrant of the Chersonese

Was freedom's best and bravest friend;

That tyrant was Miltiades!

Oh! that the present hour would lend

Another despot of the kind!

Such chains as his were sure to bind.

Fill high the bowl with Samian wine!

On Suli's rock, and Parga's shore ,

Exists the remnant of a line

Such as the Doric mothers bore;

And there, perhaps, some seed is sown ,

The Heracleidan blood might own.

Trust not for freedom to the Franks—

They have a king who buys and sells;

In native swords, and native ranks,

The only hope of courage dwells;

But Turkish force, and Latin fraud ,

Would break your shield, however broad.

Fill high the bowl with Samian wine!

Our virgins dance beneath the shade—

I see their glorious black eyes shine;

But gazing on each glowing maid,

My own the burning tear-drop laves,

To think such breasts must suckle slaves .

Place me on Sunium's marbled steep.

Where nothing, save the waves and I,

May hear our mutual murmurs sweep;

There, swan-like, let me sing and die:

A land of slaves shall ne'er be mine—

Dash down yon cup of Samian wine!


* * *

-Phoebus

[ˈfiːbəs] n.

日神,太阳

-harp

[hɑːp] n.

竖琴

-mute

[mjuːt] adj.

哑的,无声的

-Marathon

[ˈmærəθən] n.

马拉松,希腊古战场

-Persian

[ˈpeːʃən] n.

波斯人

-grave

[ɡreiv] n.

墓穴,坟墓

-rocky

[ˈrɔki] adj.

岩石的

-voiceless

[ˈvɔislis] adj.

无声的,沉默的

-heroic

[hiˈrəuik] adj.

英雄的,英勇的

-bosom

[ˈbuzəm] n.

胸部,胸怀

-degenerate

[diˈdʒenəreit] vi.

退化,变成

-suffuse

[səˈfjuːz] v.

充满

-remnant

[ˈremnənt] n.

剩余物,残留物

-Spartan

[ˈspɑːtən] n.

斯巴达人

-silent

[ˈsailənt] adj.

寂静的,沉默的,无声的

-distant

[ˈdistənt] adj.

远方的

-arise

[əˈraiz] vi

出现,起立,站起

-chord

[kɔːd] n.

弦,和音

-ignoble

[iɡˈnəubl] adj.

不光彩的,可耻的

-phalanx

[ˈfælæŋks] n.

方阵,密集队

-noble

[ˈnəub(ə)l] adj.

高尚的,崇高的

-divine

[diˈvain] adj.

神圣的,非凡的

-tyrant

[ˈtaiərənt] n.

暴君

-shore

[ʃɔː] n.

海岸

-sow

[səu] vt.

播种,散布

-courage

[ˈkʌridʒ] n.

勇气,精神

-fraud

[frɔːd] n.

欺骗,欺诈行为

-virgin

[ˈvəːdʒin] n.

处女,少女

-glorious

[ˈɡlɔːriəs] adj.

光荣的,光彩的

-slave

[sleiv] n.

奴隶

-marbled

[ˈmɑːbld] adj.

大理石的

-mutual

[ˈmjuːtjuəl] adj.

相互的,共有的


* * *

George G. Byron 拜伦 哀希腊

拜 伦

希腊群岛啊,希腊群岛!

曾有过萨福火热的恋歌,

和文治武功辉煌的创造,

涌出过得洛斯,跃出过阿波罗!

长夏的骄阳还依然辉煌——

一切都沉沦了,除了太阳!

开俄斯诗人,忒俄斯歌手,

英雄的竖琴,情人的瑶瑟,

在你的国土里无声无臭,

他们的诞生地悄然哑默。

在西方他们却声名远播,

远过你祖先的“极乐岛国”!

千山万岭望着马拉松,

马拉松望着彭湃的海洋;

我冥想片刻,仿佛在做梦——

希腊依然是自由的家邦;

既然我脚踏波斯人坟茔,

我怎能认可我奴隶的命运!

有一位国王在山头雄踞,

俯瞰海上的撒拉米岛屿:

成千条战船,各族的士卒

在山下列队,全由他统御!

黎明时,他还在点名计数,

太阳沉落时,他们在何处?

他们在何处?你又在何处——

我的祖国啊!你岸上静悄悄,

英雄的歌曲销沉了旋律——

英雄的心胸停止了搏跳!

你向来不凡的诗琴此刻

竟轮到平凡的我来弹拨?

处在戴着镣铐的民族中,

得不到名声,依然有追求,

我唱着,为感到屈辱而脸红,

至少,牢记着志士的国仇;

诗人在这里有什么作为?

为国人脸红,为国家流泪。

念往昔,仅止于害羞?哭泣?

我们的祖先曾浴血抗争!

大地啊!请把斯巴达勇士

从你的胸膛里送还几名!

三百勇士中来三个就行,

重新打一次温泉关战争!

怎么,还是没声音?都没声?

啊!不是;死人的声音

像远方瀑布,正喧闹轰鸣,

答道:“只要有一个活人

站起来,我们就都来效命!”

可是活人呢,没一个吭声。

换换调子吧,说这些没用;

斟满一大杯萨摩斯佳酿!

战争,让土耳其流氓去冲锋,

鲜血,让开俄斯葡萄去流淌!

听啊!酒鬼们可真是骁勇,

立刻回应这卑鄙的怂恿!

你们保存着皮锐克舞蹈,

皮锐克方阵哪里去了?

两门课程中,为什么忘掉

更加崇高威武的一课?

卡德摩斯给你们送来字母——

想想,他可是要教化亡国奴?

斟满一大碗萨摩斯佳酿!

这些事我们不用再考虑!

阿那克里翁神妙的吟唱

也是得益于酒力的帮助;

他侍奉波吕克拉提——暴君,

可这些主子总还是本国人。

刻松尼斯的那位暴君

是非常勇敢的自由之友;

米太亚得是他的大名!

啊!但愿今天,这时候,

再来个暴君,同样的铁腕!

用他的锁链把我们紧攥。

斟满一大碗萨摩斯芳醇!

苏里的山区,巴加的海域,

至今保留着一族遗民,

倒像多里斯母亲的儿女;

那地方可能播下了良种,

赫丘利血统也许会认同。

要取得自由,别指望西方,

他们的国王做的是买卖;

本土的战士,本土的刀枪,

是你们杀敌的唯一依赖:

土耳其动武,拉丁人诱惑,

会把你们的盾牌戳破!

斟满一大碗萨摩斯佳酿!

树荫下少女们翩翩起舞——

我看见乌黑的眼睛闪亮,

我凝视容光焕发的丽姝;

想起来,我不禁热泪难抑:

她们的乳房都得喂奴隶!

让我登上苏尼翁石岩,

那里只剩下我和海波,

听得见我们在喃喃交谈,

我愿做天鹅,临终前高歌:

一个奴隶的国度,我不要!

把这杯萨摩斯浊酒摔掉!