副词在英语句子中扮演着至关重要的角色，它们能够修饰动词、形容词或其他副词，增强语言的表现力和精确度。了解副词的用法，特别是同源副词之间的细微差别，对于提高英语表达能力至关重要。

<例句>

I saw it clear.

我看得很清楚。

<语法分析>

在这个局子里，副词clear与clearly意思相同，在句子里的位置相同，二者可以互换。有些同源副词词义各异，所以不能互换。如果词义基本相同，但在句子里所处的位置不同，则二者不可以互换。两个同一性质的副词状语在一起时，单位大的一般要放在单位小的后面。大多数副词没有倾向性，但有些副词却含有积极意义或消极意义，这取决于它所在的语言环境。

<触类旁通>

(1)He is running round in the field.

他在场上兜圈子。

语法分析：round为“完全，绝对”，roundly为“严厉地”虽为同源副词，但意义不同。

(2)She doesn't talk loudly or laugh loudly in public.

她不在公共场所大声谈笑。

语法分析：loudly意为“大声地”和loud的意思相同，所以可用loud在相同位置替换loudly。

(3)He firmly supports us.

他坚定地支持我们。

语法分析：有些副词如与形容词筒形，位置在动词后，多在句末;如是ly结尾，多放在动词前面，所以在句中firm不可替换firmly。

(4)I'm going to start at nine tomorrow.

我明天九点出发。

语法分析：两个同一性质的副词状语在一起时，单位大的一般要放在单位小的后面。

(5)The weather is rather cold today.

今天天气特别冷。

语法分析：rather和completely多与表示消极意义的词连用。

(6)She is perfectly satisfied with it.

她对此非常满意。

语法分析：entirely,fairly和perfectly多与表示积极意义的词连用。

<巩固练习>

(1)I feel _____ that you ought to send the servant away.

[A]strong [B]strongly [C]strength [D]strengthened

(2)Good ways of doing things mean saving time,and _____ it is neceessary for us to find them.

[A]still [B]however [C]therefore [D]otherwise

(3)I didn't expect the concert was _____ wonderful.

[A]as [B]more [C]most [D]very

(4)Having done four experiments without rest,the students were _____ out to go on with _____ one.

[A]so tired;the fifth [B]so tiring;the fifth [C]too given;the fifth [D]too worn;a fifth

(5)Her father often criticizes her ______ [round,roundly].

(6)These young men work _____ [hard,hardly].

(7)She _____ [hard,hardly]ever eats meat.

(8)He is _____[dead,deadly]asleep.

(9)I am _____[dead,deadly]tired.

(10)I _____[clean,cleanly]forgot about it.

(11)She went to bed _____[late,lately]last night.

(12)She is _____[closely,close]related to this club.

<参考答案>

(1)[B] (2)[C] (3)[A] (4)[D] (5)roundly (6)hard (7)hardly (8)dead (9)deadly (10)clean (11)late (12)closely