Weight loss is a reason to celebrate for most people. But not for older adults. A study recently found that it could be a sign of an increased risk of death among the elderly.

对大多数人来说，减肥是一个值得庆祝的事儿。但并不适用于老年人。最近的一项研究发现，这可能是老年人死亡风险增加的一个标志。

Published in the journal JAMA Network Open on Monday, the study evaluated the associations of change in body size with all-cause and cause-specific mortality among healthy older adults.

周一发表在《美国医学会杂志》网络版上的这项研究，评估了健康老年人体型变化与全因和特定原因死亡率的关系。

The research team wanted to determine if a change in body size could mean a higher mortality risk among healthy older adults. They conducted a cohort involving 16,523 community-dwelling participants in Australia and 2,411 participants in the U.S. A total of 1,256 participants died in the course of the study.

研究小组想要确定身材的变化是否意味着健康老年人的死亡风险更高。他们对澳大利亚的16523名社区参与者和美国的2411名参与者进行了队列研究，共有1256名参与者在研究过程中死亡。

The Australian participants were aged 70 and above, while the Americans were aged 65 and older. All had no evident cardiovascular disease, dementia, physical disability, or any type of life-limiting chronic illnesses at the start of the study in 2010. A follow-up was made four years later.

澳大利亚的参与者年龄在70岁以上，而美国的参与者年龄在65岁以上。在2010年研究开始时，所有人都没有明显的心血管疾病、痴呆、身体残疾或任何类型的限制生命的慢性疾病。四年后进行了后续调查。

Body weight and waist circumference were measured during the visits. Analysis models were adjusted for baseline body mass index since the researchers measured the height and weight at baseline. Changes were noted and categorized as stable at 5%, a decrease by 5% to 10%, a decrease by more than 10%, an increase by 5% to 10% and an increase by more than 10%.

在调查期间重新测量了体重和腰围。由于研究人员在研究初期测量了身高和体重的基数，分析模型会根据基线体重指数进行调整，并根据变化数据将其分类为稳定在5%，下降5%至10%，下降10%以上，增加5%至10%和增加10%以上。

After analyzing all of the data between April and September 2022, the team found that in men, a loss of 5% to 10% of body weight meant a 33% increase in mortality, while a loss of more than 10% body weight translated to a 289% increase in mortality.

在分析了2022年4月至9月的所有数据后，研究小组发现，在男性中，体重下降5%至10%意味着死亡率增加33%，而体重下降10%以上意味着死亡率增加289%。

Among elderly women, a 5% to 10% loss of body weight signified a 26% increase in mortality. On the other hand, a loss of more than 10% of body weight was associated with a 114% mortality increase.

在老年女性中，体重下降5%至10%意味着死亡率增加26%。另一方面，体重减少10%以上，死亡率就会增加114%。

This study suggests that weight loss was associated with an increase in mortality, particularly among men, highlighting the need to monitor and investigate weight loss in older adults, the authors wrote.

作者写道：“这项研究表明，体重减轻与死亡率的增加有关，尤其是在男性中，这突出了监测和调查老年人体重下降的必要性。”

Lead study author Dr. Monira Hussain, a clinical epidemiologist and senior research fellow in public health and preventative medicine at Monash University in Melbourne, Australia, told CNN that even a 5% weight loss could already signify an increase in the risk of death, especially in older men.

该研究的主要作者、澳大利亚墨尔本莫纳什大学的临床流行病学家、公共卫生和预防医学高级研究员莫尼拉·侯赛因博士告诉CNN，即使是5%的体重减轻也可能意味着死亡风险的增加，尤其是在老年男性中。

She added that they did not find evidence pointing to increased mortality risk when healthy older people gain weight. The findings also do not apply to people medically classified as overweight or obese because they already have a higher mortality risk based on their weight.

她补充说，他们没有发现健康老年人体重增加会增加死亡风险的证据。研究结果也不适用于医学上被归类为超重或肥胖的人群，因为他们的体重，已经导致了更高的死亡风险。