在英语学习中,不定代词是表达数量和不确定性的常用工具。这类词汇不仅丰富了语言的表达,还能使句子更加灵活。理解和掌握不定代词的用法,对提高英语口语和书写能力至关重要。本节内容将通过例句和语法分析,帮助大家认识不定代词的不同形式及其在句子中的功能。
<例句>
I have no idea about it.
对此我一无所知。
<语法分析>
不定代词no在句子中作定语,此外,every也可作定语。除了这两个词外,其他的不定代词既可用作名词也可用作形容词,大多数在句子中可充当主语、宾语、表语、同位语和定语等。
<触类旁通>
(1) Someone (somebody) has turned off the light.
有人把灯关了。
语法分析:合成不定代词 someone 和 somebody 意思相同,都表示“某人”,但只用于肯定句,在否定句及疑问句中通常用 anybody 或 anyone。
(2) Everybody (everyone) laughed, me included.
大家都笑了,我也笑了。
语法分析:everybody 和 everyone 意思相同,表示“人人”、“大家”。
(3) Did any of your photos come out well?
你的照片洗出来都不错吗?
语法分析:any 可代表可数名词或不可数名词名词,在句子中作主语或宾语等,可用于否定句及疑问句,肯定句用 some。
(4) She is in no mood (not in a mood) for jokes.
她没有心情说笑话。
语法分析:no 可构成否定句,等于 not a。
(5) I never saw so many swans on the lake .
我从未见过湖面上有这么多天鹅。
语法分析:many 修饰可数名词,可用在疑问句,否定句及肯定句中,还可与too, so 等词连用,much, few 及 little 也可表示数量,与many 一样,都可用作定语。
(6) None of us would have said such a thing.
我们谁也不会说出这种话来。
语法分析:none 和 no 一样,都是否定词,none可用作主语、宾语或介词宾语及同位语。
<巩固练习>
1. I will tell you _____ of my own experience.
2. If you want ______ , you can call me.
3. I'll take ______ that you don't want.
4. As ______ as ten people were found living in a single room.
5. You've given me too ______ food.
6. ______ went his way.
7. ______ of my parents live in Japan.
8. One of the boys is named Tom, the _____ named Bill.
9. Show me some ______.
10. I don't like this room. Let's ask for _____.
<参考答案>
1. something 2. anything 3. any 4. many 5. much 6. Each 7. Both 8. other 9. others 10. another