A Pentagon study has found high rates of cancer among military pilots and for the first time has shown that ground crews who fuel, maintain and launch those aircraft have also developed life-threatening conditions.

五角大楼的一项研究发现，军队飞行员的癌症发病率很高，并且首次证实负责飞机加油人员、维护人员和负责起飞的地勤人员的癌症发病率也在升高。

In its yearlong study of some 900,000 service members who flew on or worked on military aircraft between 1992 and 2017, researchers found that air crew members had an 87 percent higher rate of melanoma and a 39 percent higher rate of thyroid cancer.

研究人员对1992年至2017年期间，在军用飞机上飞行或工作的约90万名服役人员进行了为期一年的研究，发现机组人员患黑色素瘤的几率高出87%，甲状腺癌的几率高出39%。

Among flight crews, men had a 16 percent higher rate of prostate cancer and women a 16 percent higher rate of breast cancer. Overall, the air crews had a 24 percent higher rate of cancer of all types.

在机组人员中，男性患前列腺癌的几率要高出16%，女性患乳腺癌的几率要高出16%。总的来说，机组人员的各种癌症发病率要高出24%。

Meanwhile, ground crews had a 19 percent higher rate of brain and nervous system cancers, a 15 percent higher rate of thyroid cancer and a 9 percent higher rate of kidney or renal cancers.

与此同时，地勤人员患脑癌和神经系统癌症的比例高出19%，甲状腺癌的比例高出15%，肾癌或肾癌的比例高出9%。

Ground crew women had a 7 percent higher rate of breast cancer,' according to the 33-page report, which was shared with House lawmakers last month. The overall rate for cancers of all types was 3 percent higher.

这份长达33页的报告显示，地勤人员中女性患乳腺癌的比例要高出7% 。所有类型癌症的总发病率高出3%。

The Pentagon said the new study was one of the largest and most comprehensive to date.

五角大楼表示，这项新研究是迄今为止规模最大、最全面的研究之一。

An earlier study had examined just Air Force pilots and had found some higher rates of cancer, while this one looked across all services and at both air and ground crews.

早期的一项研究只调查了空军飞行员，发现了较高的癌症发病率，而此次研究调查了所有工种，包括空中和地勤人员。

The study was required by Congress in the 2021 defense bill. Now, because higher rates were found, the Pentagon must conduct an even bigger review to try to understand why the crews are getting sick.

国会在2021年国防法案中要求进行这项研究。现在，由于发现了更高的发病率，五角大楼必须进行更大规模的审查，试图了解机组人员生病的原因。

Isolating potential causes is difficult, and the Pentagon was careful to note that this study 'does not imply that military service in air crew or ground crew occupations causes cancer,' said the report.

报告说，很难找出潜在的致癌原因，五角大楼谨慎地指出，这项研究“并不意味着在空勤人员或地勤人员中服役会导致癌症”。

This is 'because there are multiple potential confounding factors that could not be controlled for in this analysis,' such as family histories, smoking, or alcohol use.

这是因为“在这项分析中有多种不受控的潜在混杂因素”，如家族史、吸烟或饮酒。