托玛斯·胡德(Thomas Hood)是一位英国诗人、编辑和幽默作家,生于1799年5月23日,卒于1845年5月3日。他以其机智、讽刺和对社会问题的关注而闻名于19世纪的文学界。
Thomas Hood
One more Unfortunate
Weary of breath,
Rashly importunate,
Gone to her death!
Take her up tenderly,
Lift her with care;
Fashion'd so slenderly ,
Young, and so fair!
Look at her garments
Clinging like cerements ,
Whilst the wave constantly
Drips from her clothing;
Take her up instantly,
Loving, not loathing .
Touch her not scornfully;
Think of her mournfully ,
Gently and humanly;
Not of the stains of her—
All that remains of her
Now is pure womanly.
Make no deep scrutiny
Into her mutiny
Rash and undutiful :
Past all dishonour ,
Death has left on her
Only the beautiful.
Still, for all slips of hers,
One of Eve's family—
Wipe those poor lips of hers
Oozing so clammily .
Loop up her tresses
Escaped from the comb,
Her fair auburn tresses;
Whilst wonderment guesses
Where was her home?
Who was her father?
Who was her mother?
Had she a sister?
Had she a brother?
Or was there a dearer one
Still, and a nearer one
Yet, than all other?
Alas! for the rarity
Of Christian charity
Under the sun!
O! it was pitiful !
Near a whole city full,
Home she had none.
Sisterly, brotherly,
Fatherly, motherly
Feelings had changed:
Love, by harsh evidence ,
Thrown from its eminence,
Even God's providence
Seeming estranged .
Where the lamps quiver
So far in the river,
With many a light
From window and casement ,
From garret to basement ,
She stood, with amazement ,
Houseless by night.
The bleak wind of March
Made her tremble and shiver ;
But not the dark arch,
Or the black flowing river:
Mad from life's history,
Glad to death's mystery
Swift to be hurl'd—
Any where, any where
Out of the world!
In she plunged boldly,
No matter how coldly
The rough river ran,
Over the brink of it, —
Picture it, think of it,
Dissolute Man!
Lave in it, drink of it
Then, if you can!
Take her up tenderly,
Lift her with care;
Fashion 'd so slenderly,
Young, and so fair!
Ere her limbs frigidly
Stiffen too rigidly,
Decently, kindly,
Smooth and compose them;
And her eyes, close them,
Staring so blindly!
Dreadfully staring
Thro' muddy impurity ,
As when with the daring
Last look of despairing
Fix'd on futurity.
Perishing gloomily,
Spurr'd by contumely ,
Cold inhumanity,
Burning insanity ,
Into her rest.
—Cross her hands humbly,
As if praying dumbly,
Over her breast!
Owning her weakness,
Her evil behaviour ,
And leaving, with meekness,
Her sins to her Saviour !
又一个人呵,不幸的,
厌倦了呼吸,
轻率而又任性地
走向灭寂!
轻轻地抬她上来,
小心地把她举起;
这样窈窕的身材,
又这样年轻,美丽!
瞧她那一身衣服
紧贴着身体像尸布;
而河水在不断地
从她的衣服上滴下;
该立刻把她抬起,
爱护她,不要嫌弃她。
不要轻蔑地碰到她;
应该悲切地念叨她,
温和地,有人性地;
别想到她的罪孽,
留在她身上的一切
现在都纯然是女性的。
不要去刻意深究
她的叛逆而又
不守本分的行为:
洗去了一切羞耻,
在她的身上,死
留下的只有美。
不管她有多少过错,
她仍然是夏娃的后人——
请揩干她那可怜的
滴着黏水的嘴唇。
把她的鬈发扎起来,
那滑出梳子的鬈发,
美丽的褐色头发;
而惊奇的人们在猜:
哪儿是她的家?
谁是她的父亲?
她的母亲是谁?
她有没有弟兄?
她有没有姊妹?
她有没有一个人
比一切别人都更可亲,
都更可贵?
唉!基督的慈善
可真稀罕,
在太阳底下!
哦!这太可怜了:
全城都填满了,
她却没有家!
姊妹的、弟兄的、
父亲的、母亲的
感情都已经改变:
爱神,分明得可惊地,
已经从高位上被赶走;
仿佛连上帝的护佑
也已经离得远远。
远远地在河上
灯火闪动的地方,
散出多少光辉——
从窗槅和窗棂,
从地室到楼顶;
而她站着,迷乱又心惊,
夜深了,无家可归。
不是阴暗的桥拱,
也不是漆黑的河流,
而是三月的凄风
使她战栗震抖:
一生的遭际使她疯癫,
死的神秘引她狂欢,
迅速地纵身向前——
随便哪儿,随便哪儿,
只要离开这人间!
她勇敢地纵身,
不管有多么寒冷,
那汹涌的河流——
去河边桥头,
做一番想象、思索吧,
不道德的男人呵!然后,
用这河水洗澡、解渴吧,
要是你能够!
轻轻地抬她上来,
小心地把她举起;
这样窈窕的身材,
又这样年轻,美丽!
趁她的手脚还不曾
冷得太僵硬,
请合乎礼节地,和善地
把她的四肢舒展,放平;
请合拢她那茫然地
睁着的眼睛!
目光刺透了泥污,
严峻地,她睁着眼珠,
仿佛在绝望的时候,
用最后大胆的凝眸
向未来盯住。
悲惨地灭亡:
被迫于侮辱,
非人的冷酷
和燃烧的疯狂,
去奔赴安眠。——
请把她的手谦逊地、
像做无言的祈祷似地、
交叉在胸前!
承认她的弱点,
她的失检的行为,
然后,温和地让上天
来评判她的罪!
* * *
[ˈslendə] adj.
苗条的
[ˈsiəmənt] n.
寿衣,尸布
[ˈləuð] v.
讨厌,嫌恶
[ˈskɔːnfuli] adv.
轻蔑地
[ˈmɔːnfuli] adv.
悲哀地
[ˈskruːtini] n.
详细审查
[ˈʌnˈdjuːtifəl] adj.
不守本分的,不顺从的
[disˈɔnə] n.
丢脸的事
[ˈklæmili] adv.
滑腻地,粘糊糊地
[isˈkeip] vi.
溜走,避开,逃脱
[ˈəːbən] adj.
赤褐色的
[ˈwʌndəmənt] n.
惊奇,惊叹
[ˈtʃæriti] n.
慈善,施舍
[ˈpitiful] adj.
令人同情的
[eˈvidəns] n.
显著,明显
[isˈtreindʒ] v.
疏远
[ˈkeismənt] n.
窗扉
[ˈbeismənt] n.
地下室
[əˈmeizmənt] n.
惊愕,惊异
[ˈʃivə] v.
颤抖
[plʌndʒ] vi.
投入,跳进
[ˈdisəljuːt] adj.
放荡的,风流的
[fæʃən] vt.
使成型
[ˈfridʒidli] adv.
极寒冷地
[ˈmʌdi] adj.
多泥的,泥泞的
[imˈpjuəriti] n.
杂质,混合物,不洁
[ˈperiʃ] vi.
死亡,毁灭
[ˈkɔntjumili] n.
无礼,侮辱
[inˈsæniti] n.
精神错乱,疯狂
[biˈheiviə] n.
行为,举止
[ˈseiviə] n.
救星,救世主
* * *
托玛斯·胡德(Thomas Hood,1799-1845),英国诗人、幽默作家。他一生多病,生活贫困,这使他接触到下层人民,对劳动者和社会地位低下的人们产生同情。《衬衫之歌》、《叹息之桥》、《劳动者之歌》等是他的代表作,对英国资本主义社会可怕的不公正状况进行了严肃的抗议。《叹息之桥》写一个沉沦风尘的少女被社会逼得走投无路,终至跳河自杀。胡德在诗中对她充满人道主义的同情,对社会进行悲愤的控诉,诗中感情真挚而深沉,韵律凄切动人。
胡德以其对社会不公的批评和对下层社会苦难的同情而受到赞誉。他的一些作品被认为预示了后来的现实主义文学。他的幽默和讽刺风格也影响了后来的作家,如查尔斯·狄更斯。胡德的社会关怀精神和文学才华使他成为19世纪英国文学中一个重要的声音。
尽管胡德的健康在他的整个成年生活中一直很差,但他仍然保持着高产的写作状态。他的一生中经历了财政困境,但他的文学成就为他赢得了读者和同行们的尊重。他在1845年去世,享年45岁。
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