生活在21世纪的优缺点
Living in the 21st century offers certain advantages,such as a higher standard of living, but it also has some disadvantages, such as a polluted environment.
To begin with, most people now have more money for less hard work. They earn higher salaries than before and enjoy better social security, such as social welfare for laid-off workers and disability insurance.
Secondly, because of the advance in medical technology which leads to better medical care and treatment, people’s life expectancy is longer. Moreover, most people now can afford to buy foods of high nutrition and enjoy their leisure time. Thirdly, modern conveniences such as radio, TV, internet, various vehicles and labour-saving machines in the home, all greatly facilitate human communication, transportation and housework as well.
Nevertheless, living in the 21st century also has its disadvantages. The most serious one is the increasingly polluted environment; air is filled with smog and water is contaminated by iehemicals from factories.Another main disadvantage is the personalization of human relattonships which mostly result from people’s ever-increasing contact with machines and numbers. Still one more disadvantage is the weakening of spiritual values. An undeniable fact is that a large number of people are solely interested in materialistic culture,while neglecting spiritual civilization. Limited by space, we have to skip the examples.
In conclusion, although the 21st century has indeed given us a lot of advantages, it may not have made us wiser, because it has also made our earth dirtier, our people less humane, and our spirituali iife poorer, We shpuld continue to enjoy the benefits of technological advancement,however, we must make a concerted effort to preserve our natural environment for future generations. Moreover, we should take the time now to make our lives more meaningful in anihcreasingly impersonal, computerized world.
生活在21世纪的优缺点
On responsibility
We Chinese place a high value on responsibility. It is traditional deal for us Chinese to take care of our parents. We owe them a great deal for the love they give us while we are growing up. It is right, then, when they are getting older with each passing day, we help them and see that they are well cared for. In this way, we give back some of the love and care they have given to us.
As loyal Chinese citizens, we must have a strong sense of responsibility to our country. I t is our duty to keep China strong in the eyes of the world. Therefore, we should study and work hard for China’s strongness which also depends on the advanced science and technology. We must be willing to join the Army and defend our country, would we be threatened by an invader(侵入者).
In short, to be a responsible citizen ,we must put our country’s welfare above our own needs. Finally, we must remember that we have a responsibility to the world we live in. It is important that we learn to live in peace with the other nations of the world and to protect our environment.If we carry out these responsibilities, we will be respected (受尊敬的)citizens of our country.
1. 名人崇拜 celebrity worship
造句练习：凡事都有两面，名人崇拜也不例外。一方面，那些值得尊敬的名人可以为青少年粉丝树立良好的榜样。另一方面，某些名人,尤其是某些娱乐明星的不当行为也可能被心智尚未成熟的青年所效仿。
参考答案：Every coin has two sides, without the exception of celebrity worship. For one thing, the respectable celebrities can set good examples for adolescents. For the other thing, some celebrities, especially those working in the entertainment field, who behave improperly, may be imitated by teenagers without sound mind.
2. 养宠物 keeping pets
造句联系：养宠物在很大程度上可以充实业余生活，而且还有助于培养保护动物的习惯。
参考答案：Keeping pets can largely enrich one's spare time ，beneficial to develop habits of protecting animals.
3. 整形手术 plastic surgery
造句练习：科技的发展, 手术成本的降低，使整形手术走进普通人，但是不能否认整形手术对于健康有一定程度的危害。
参考答案：Plastic surgery becomes available for average people due to better technology and less cost for operation; nevertheless, it is undeniable that the surgery will , to a certain degree, produce side effects on health.
4. 集邮 collecting stamps 或者philately
造句练习：现在，许多传统的爱好在逐步消失，例如集邮。
参考答案： Today, a large amount of tradition has gradually disappeared, for instance philately.
柴静的纪录片《穹顶之下》将公众的注意力再次聚焦到令人头疼的环境问题上。近年来，不论是污水排放还是雾霾问题早已成为人们心中挥之不去的阴影。环境问题关乎每个人的生存，因此，倡导并践行绿色生活方式对于每个人而言都至关重要。
一、写作思路
首段：提出当前的环境问题严重影响到了人们的生活质量。与此同时，人们的环保意识也有了很大的提高，开始重视这一问题，由此引出绿色生活方式的主题。
关键点：环境问题严重+环保意识提高。
中段：具体阐述为了实现绿色生活方式，我们应该做些什么。可以从垃圾分类、生活用电、绿色出行、多使用可再生资源等角度来写，并用例子来说明。
关键点：一定要从具体事例出发，可以多举几个例子。
末段：提出对于绿色生活方式的向往，可以简要说明绿色生活方式能给人们的生活带来哪些好处。
关键点：提出期望。
二、参考范文和译文
参考范文
A Green Life Style
In this day and age, environmental degradation presents great danger to the public. People in my country, and other places, have to bear polluted water and haze day after day. As public awareness of the need for environmental protection grows in these countries, it is urgent to learn how to establish a green life style.
To achieve a green life style, we must adjust our behavior. This can be done even with simple things. For example, we could sort out our trash for better recycling. At home, we can use lights and other electricity only when needed. We should properly maintain air conditioners twice a year so they will run efficiently, and, even more importantly, make sure doors and windows fit properly and are sealed so that we can use less energy in heating and cooling. Other simple steps that make a big difference include using public transportation instead of driving private cars.
Commuters can choose to take buses, subways or share cars with others, which not only relieves traffic jams but also reduces gas emission.
In my mind, it is high time to establish a general concept of sustainable development and green life style in China. The Earth has provided humans what they need; it is time to pay back. Only through a green life, can we ensure that we and our children live in an environment with green water and mountains, without traffic jams, and in an era with better living habits.
题目要求：
You should write a short essay on the topic On a Harmonious Dormitory Life.
1.指出宿舍生活未必和谐;
2.简要阐述和谐的宿合生活带来的好处;
3.从生活方式、处理矛盾等方面阐述如何创造和保持和谐的宿舍生活;
4.进行总结。
参考范文： On a Harmonious Dormitory Life
Dormitory life is an indispensable part of college life. But sometimes the harmony in the dormitory can be disturbed in one way or another.
As is known to all, a harmonious dormitory life is important to college students and benefits all the members. On one hand, you can have a good rest and put your heart into study. On the other hand, you will have a good mood and enjoy being together.
There are several ways to create and maintain a harmonious dormitory life. Firstly, you have to evaluate your lifestyle and try to get rid of your bad habits, if there are any. Secondly, when an annoying situation arises, you'll just have to learn to tolerate each other and coexist. Thirdly, you'll have to share with each other and make good friends.
In conclusion, you should make every effort to build a harmonious dormitory life for the sake of good study and good life.
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on the distinction between school and life by referring to the saying “The difference between school and life? In school, you’re taught a lesson and then given a test. In life, you are given a test that teaches you a lesson .” You can cite examples to illustrate your point. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.
审题立意
1. 导语解读：要求考生根据 “学校和生活有何区别? 在学校，先上课，后测试；生活中，先经受考验，而后得到教训。”这句名言，写一篇关于“学校和生活的区别”的作文，可以举例说明。
2. 文章立意：学校和生活是不同的，相比之下，学校是宽容的，生活是苛刻的。但是正因为这些不同，学校时光才让人如此怀念，我们的人生才变得如此多彩。
写作思路
1. 开篇段落引入名言，指出学校是宽容的，生活是苛刻的。
2. 主体段落深入分析为什么学校和生活有如此大的差别。
3. 结尾段落总结全文，提出自己的观点。
参考范文
There is a saying that goes “The difference between school and life? In school, you’re taught a lesson and then given a test. In life, you are given a test that teaches you a lesson.” That is right. School is tolerant but life is harsh. 1
In school, you are a student and your main task is to learn and acquire knowledge. Giving tests is just a measure to see whether you have mastered the knowledge or not. If not, you can make up for it. This method is moderate, and so school is tolerant. 2
Compared to school, life is com-plicated. You are tested on all kinds of abilities, such as viability, sociability, learning ability, capacity for work, etc. There is no rehearsal in life. Every day is a live show. If you succeed, you will harvest joy. If you fail, you will be taught a lesson. So, life is harsh. 2
But because of these differences, school time is so memorable and our life becomes so colorful. So, please cherish school time and don’t let it slip idly by; please face life bravely as it is wonderful whether we lose or win. 3
有这样一句名言“学校和生活有何区别？在学校，先上课，后测试；生活中，先经受考验，而后得到教训。”是的，学校是宽容的，生活是苛刻的。
在学校，你是一名学生，你的主要任务是学习并获得知识，测试只是一种手段，看看你对所学知识是否已经掌握。如果没有掌握查漏补缺即可，这种方式是温和的，因此学校是宽容的。
相对于学校，生活是复杂的。生活要检验你的各种能力，如生存能力、社交能力、学习能力、工作能力等。生活没有彩排，每天都是现场直播。成功了收获喜悦，失败了收获教训。因此生活是苛刻的。
但是因为这些不同，学校时光才让人如此怀念，我们的生活才变得如此多彩。那么，请珍惜我们的校园时光，莫让它虚度；请勇敢地面对我们的生活，输赢都很精彩。
范文点评
1. 首句开门见山，直接引入名人名言，提炼出这句名言所要表达的观点，进而引出本文的话题，即学校和生活的区别。
2. 分两个层次深入分析为什么学校和生活有如此大的差别。
3. 文章没有止步于表面，末段对主题作进一步深化和总结，提出了自己的观点。
要点用法
tolerant adj. 宽容的
harsh adj. 苛刻的
make up for 补偿，弥补
moderate adj. 温和的
viability n. 生存能力
sociability n. 社交能力
rehearsal n. 彩排
memorable adj. 难忘的
let...slip idly by 让……虚度
句法点评
1. Giving tests is just a measure to see whether you have mastered the knowledge or not.
if和whether都可以引导宾语从句，但是句中有or not存在的时候只能用whether，不能用if。
2. So, please cherish school time and don’t let it slip idly by; please face life bravely as it is wonderful whether we lose or win.
本句使用了whether...or...的结构，意为“无论，不管……还是……”
关于生活中的选择
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on life choices by referring to the remark “Life is all about choices. How many people are trapped in their everyday habits: part numb, part frightened, part indifferent? To have a better life we must keep choosing how we’re living .” You can give examples to illustrate your point and then explain what you will do to make better choices in life . You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.
审题立意
1. 导语解读：要求考生就题目中给定的话语“生活处处是选择。很多人陷入日常的生活习惯中：些许麻木，些许害怕，些许漠然。为了拥有更好的生活，我们必须不断选择如何生活。”进行简评，引出“生活的选择”这一话题并进行论述。
2. 文章立意：生活中充满选择，你可以选择整日碌碌无为，浑然度日，但生活的平淡注定你一事无成；你也可以选择奋发有为，积极上进，虽遭失败仍然一往无前最终取得巨大的成功。因此，我们要选择后者。
写作思路
1. 第一段简述题目中引语的含义，然后提出论点：如何生活完全取决于自己的选择。
2. 第二段阐述选择消极的生活方式只会让人一事无成，空留余恨。
3. 第三段论述如何正确选择生活。
参考范文
“Life is all about choices. How many people are trapped in their everyday habits: part numb, part frightened, part indifferent? To have a better life we must keep choosing how we’re living.” The remark means that it’s up to you to choose how you’re living. 1
It’s absolutely true that life is all about choices. 2 You can choose a mediocre life. But unfortunately, a mediocre life leaves you trapped in everyday habits: part numb, part frightened, part indifferent and you spend vainly the best days of your life achieving little. When you realize you should seize the day, it may come too late and leave regret. 3
As we all know, life is most precious to us and everyone lives only once. What will we do to make better choices in life? As far as I’m concerned, attitude is everything. Therefore, choose a positive attitude towards life, with which we don’t waste our youth in worthless pursuits. We will not regret if we don’t waste our life. 4
“生活处处是选择。很多人陷入日常的生活习惯中：些许麻木，些许害怕，些许漠然。为了拥有更好的生活，我们必须不断选择如何生活。”这番话是说如何生活取决于你自己的选择。
毋庸置疑，人生充满选择。你可以选择一种平庸的生活。但不幸的是，平庸生活使你受困于日常的生活习惯，变得些许麻木，些许害怕，些许漠然，你虚度最好的时光，收获寥寥。当你意识到你应把握今朝的时候，可能就悔之晚矣！
众所周知，人生对我们来说是最珍贵的，每个人都只活一次。那么我们怎样为人生做出更好的选择呢？就我而言，态度决定一切。因此，选择用积极的态度面对人生，不把青春浪费在无用的追求上。如果我们没有虚度光阴，我们就不会留下遗憾。
范文点评
1. 开篇简述给定话语的含义，结合话语含义给出文章论点：如何生活完全取决于自己的选择。
2. 自然过渡，第二段引出生活充满选择，紧扣作文话题。
3. 第二段主体部分用反面论证的方式阐述选择碌碌无为的生活只会给人留下悔恨。
4. 末段按照题目要求就如何选择更好的生活给出了自己的看法并进行论述。
要点用法
be trapped in 陷入困境
indifferent adj. 漠不关心的
be up to sb. 取决于某人
mediocre adj. 普通的；平凡的
spend vainly the best of one’s days 白白浪费大好时光
worthless pursuits 无用的追求
句法点评
1. It’s absolutely true that life is all about choices.
It’s absolutely true that...意为“毫无疑问……”，是引出观点的句式。
2. But unfortunately, a mediocre life leaves you trapped in everyday habits: part numb, part frightened, part indifferent and you spend vainly the best of your days achieving little.
这里运用了leave sb. done的结构，这种结构的使用使句子含义的表达更加紧凑。
低碳生活
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Low-Carbon Living following the outline given below. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words:
Many people have embraced a green lifestyle—low-carbon living.
Why should we live a low-carbon life?
What should we do?
审题立意
1. 导语解读：要求考生按照给定的提纲就“低碳生活”这一话题写一篇作文。
2. 文章立意：低碳生活是环保所需，每个人都应当践行低碳生活方式。要实现低碳生活方式，政府及个人都需付出努力。
写作思路
1. 第一段引出话题——低碳生活方式。
2. 第二段阐述为何要践行低碳生活方式。
3. 第三段阐述政府和个人所应采取的具体措施。
参考范文
Low-Carbon Living
With increasing consciousness of environmental protection, many people around the world have embraced a green lifestyle—low-carbon living. 1 It is believed that if people consume less resources, the living conditions will be better.
The emergence of this trend is mainly due to the worsening environ-ment on the earth. 2 Human beings are exhausting energy resources and emitting greenhouse gases, which changed our climate and led to a chain of terrible consequences. Therefore, people should live a low-carbon life to protect our earth. 3
How do we realize it? 4 In the first place 5 , the government should limit cars because car exhaust contributes to air pollution and citizens should be encouraged to take public transportation. Besides 5 , people had better not use disposable plastic bags but the ones that can be reused. Moreover 5 , we should try our best to save energy in our daily life—switch off the lights the moment we leave a room, turn off the tap in time, and reuse textbooks and so on.
低碳生活
随着人们环保意识的不断增强，世界上有很多人拥抱了一种绿色的生活方式——低碳生活。人们相信，如果消耗的资源少一些，生活环境就会好一些。
这种趋势的出现主要是由于地球环境趋于恶化。人类消耗能源，排放温室气体，而这些行为改变了地球气候并导致了一系列严重的后果。因此，人们应当过低碳生活以保护地球。
如何做到低碳生活呢? 首先，政府应当限制汽车数量，因为汽车尾气加重了空气污染，同时，应鼓励市民乘坐公共交通工具出行。另外，人们最好不要使用一次性塑料袋，而应该使用可重复利用的袋子。再者，我们应该在日常生活中尽最大的努力节约能源：在离开房间时关灯，及时关水龙头，重复利用课本等。
范文点评
1. 点出世界上很多人拥抱低碳的生活方式。
2. 段首句紧扣提纲，点出低碳生活趋势出现的原因。
3. 段尾句做出小结，与段首句前后呼应。
4. 以问句的形式开头，增强了语气，同时体现了语言的多样性。
5. 从三个方面阐述政府和个人应该做出的努力。
要点用法
consciousness n. 意识
embrace v. 拥抱
due to 由于
exhaust v. 耗尽，使枯竭
emit v. 排放
lead to 导致
a chain of 一系列
consequence n. 结果，后果
consume v. 消耗
car exhaust 汽车尾气
disposable adj. 一次性的
reuse v. 再利用
句法点评
1. Human beings are exhausting energy resources and emitting greenhouse gases, which changed our climate and led to a chain of terrible consequences.
本句中which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面的整个主句，指出人们消耗能源、排放温室气体所造成的后果。
2. Moreover, we should try our best to save energy in our daily life—switch off the lights the moment we leave a room, turn off the tap in time, and reuse textbooks and so on.
用moreover引出第三层面的建议，接着具体举出了三个日常生活中常见的例子来加以说明，破折号起到解释说明的作用。