原 文:
They were shy of the 50% of the vote they need.
原 译:
他们因为需要得到50%的选票而难为情。
辨 析:
原译在逻辑上显然不成立。得到50%的选票(也许才能当选)是法律的规定,因此不可能使他们感到“难为情”。
“be shy of”是一个短语,其含义从“shy”原意“难为情”引申为“害怕”或“有疑虑”。例如:
This made him shy of going out at night again.(这件事吓得他再也不敢在晚上出去。)
He became shy even of a shadow.(他甚至连影子都害怕。)
此外,“be shy of”还有“缺少”、“不足”的意思,最初是俚语,现在在正式文体中也常用,特别是在报刊文章中。例如:
This house is shy of a bathroom.(这房子缺少一个卫生间。)
实际上,“shy”本身就有不足的意思。如新版的《American Heritage College Dictionary》中第4个定义就是“short, lacking”。例如:
Eleven is shy of a dozen.(十一比一打少一。)
因此,原文的确切意思是:他们没有得到所需的50%的选票。可以用其他说法表示这一意思,例如:
The votes they got did not reach the 50% they needed.
They still needed some votes to reach the 50% they were supposed to get.
英语中有许多表示数量“不足/不够”的说法,如:
lack of
not enough
insufficient
inadequate
be / come / fall / run short of
less than
wanting
可以根据不同上下文进行选择。此外,表达“他们真的缺少时间”也可以译为:
They were really pushed / pressed for time.
学好英语的一个重要标志是能以不同方式表达同一意思。
虽然从句子的隐含事实来看,他们确实应该感到难为情,因为没有获得50%的选票,但在这里用“shy”不如使用“ashamed”或“embarrassed”等词。例如,可以说:
They cringed with embarrassment as they didn't get the 50% of vote they needed.