在人类的精神创造物中,更多的是速朽的;在时代的喧嚣声里,那些最耀眼、最响亮的往往和“不朽”相去甚远。诗人和他们的作品,可能在所处时代是寂寞的、被人忽略的,但他们对生命存在的完美追求、对艺术形式永无止境的探索、对真理与文明的价值取向,却永远存在人们心中……
To see the golden sun and the azure sky, the outstretched ocean, to walk upon the green earth, and to be lord of a thousand creatures, to look down giddy precipices or over distant flowery vales, to see the world spread out under one's finger in a map, to bring the stars near, to view the smallest insects in a microscope, to read history, and witness the revolutions of empires and the succession of generations, to hear of the glory of Sidon and Tyre, of Babylon and Susa, as of a faded pageant, and to say all these were, and are now nothing, to think that we exist in such a point of time, and in such a corner of space, to be at once spectators and a part of the moving scene, to watch the return of the seasons, of spring and autumn, to hear
The stock dove plain amid the forest deep, That drowsy rustles to the sighing gale.—
to traverse desert wilderness, to listen to the midnight choir, to visit lighted halls, to plunge into the dungeon's gloom, or sit in crowded theatres and see life itself mocked, to feel heat and cold, pleasure and pain, right and wrong, truth and falsehood, to study the works of art and refine the sense of beauty to agony, to worship fame and to dream of immortality, to have read Shakespeare and belong to the same species as Sir Isaac Newton; to be and to do all this, and then in a moment to be nothing, to have it all snatched from one like a juggler's ball or a phantasmagoria...
Excerpt From On the Feeling of Immortality in Youth
By William Hazlitt
[参考译文]
论不朽
威廉·黑兹利特
我们看到金色的太阳、蔚蓝的天空、广阔的海洋;我们漫步在苍翠的大地之上,做万物的主人;我们俯瞰令人目眩心悸的悬崖峭壁,远眺鲜花盛开的山谷;我们把地图摊开,任意指点江山;我们用望远镜远观星辰,还在显微镜下观察极其微小的生物;我们学历史,见证帝国的兴亡、时代的交替;我们听人谈论西顿、提尔、巴比伦和苏萨的勋业,如同听一番往昔的盛会,听罢,我们说,这些事确实发生过,但现在却是过眼云烟了;我们思考着自己生活的时代、生活的空间;我们在人生的活动舞台上既当观众、又当演员;我们观察四季更迭、春秋代序;我们听见了——
野鸽在浓密的树林中哀诉,
树林随微风的叹息而低语;
我们横越大漠;我们倾听子夜的歌声;我们光顾灯火辉煌的厅堂,走下阴森森的地牢,或者坐在人头攒动的剧院里观看生活本身受到的嘲讽;我们亲身感受炎热和寒冷,快乐和痛苦,正义和邪恶,真理和谬误;我们钻研艺术作品,把自己的美感提高到极其敏锐的程度;我们崇拜荣誉,梦想不朽;我们阅读莎士比亚,或者把自己和牛顿爵士视为同一族类;正当我们面临这一切、从事这一切的时候,自己却在一刹那化为虚无,眼前的一切像是魔术师手中的圆球,像是一场幻影,一下子全都消失得无影无踪……
[注释]
-azure [ˈæʒə(r)] adj. 蔚蓝的 blue
-outstretched [ˌaʊtˈstreʧt] adj. 广阔的 roomy, wide
-lord [lɔːd] n. 王 a king
-giddy [ˈɡɪdɪ] adj. 头晕的 dizzy
-precipice [ˈpresɪpɪs] n. 悬崖 a crag or the face of a cliff
to bring the stars near :指使用望远镜观测星辰
sidon and Tyre, Babylon and Susa :指西顿、提尔、巴比伦、苏萨四个古国。西顿位于今黎巴嫩西南港市,提尔位于今黎巴嫩南部港市,巴比伦是古巴比伦王国首部,苏萨位于今伊朗西部古遗址。
faded pageant :往昔的盛会
-spectator [ˈspekteɪtə(r)] n. 观众 an observer of an event
The stock dove plain amid the forest deep, That drowsy rustles to the sighing gale . 引自18世纪英国诗人汤姆逊的诗《懒散的城堡》(The Castle of Indolence)。
-dungeon [ˈdʌnʤən] n. 地牢
see life itself mocked :mock 一词兼有“模仿”和“嘲笑”二意。这句话的意思类似中文里的谚语,“戏台小天地,天地大戏台”。
-agony [ˈæɡənɪ] n. 苦恼,极大的痛苦 the suffering of intense physical or mental pain
Sir Isaac Newton (1642-1727),艾撒克·牛顿爵士,英国大科学家。作者如此说,是因为在18世纪牛顿曾因并非显贵出身而受到贵族人士轻视。
-juggler [ˈʤʌɡlə(r)] n. 变戏法者,行骗者 one that uses tricks, deception, or fraud
-phantasmagoria [ˌfæntæzməˈɡɒrɪə] n. 幻影,千变万化的风景 a constantly changing scene composed of numerous elements
[作者简介]
威廉·黑兹利特(William Hazlitt, 1778-1830),19世纪初英国浪漫主义散文家、文学评论家,著有《莎剧人物》、《英国戏剧概观》等。 他的评论研究因可读性和洞察力敏锐而分外之名。