But meyers discovered that the foam is actually a complicated network of tiny scaffolds and thin membranes .
但梅尔发现这泡棉是由细小的支架和薄膜构成。
Depending on a plant 's design , the new membranes could reduce total energy consumption by as much as 20 % , reckons dr hoek .
根据工厂的设计,这种新型薄膜可以把总耗能降低20%,hoek博士估算。
Other plants employ reverse osmosis . This uses special membranes which act as molecular sieves by passing water molecules while holding back the ions , such as sodium and chloride , that make water salty .
Dr. vignolini cited the analogy of soap bubbles , which begin as clear liquid and then assume different hues depending on their size , the thickness of their membranes and the angle at which they 're viewed .
Four treatment plants throughout the country take sewage , filter it through several membranes , and expose it to ultraviolet light to make it safe to drink .
全国四个处理厂将废水回收,通过多层薄膜过滤,再用紫外线杀菌以保证饮用安全。
Meanwhile , the possibility of making membranes out of carbon nanotubes , which consist of sheets of carbon atoms rolled up into tubes , has also garnered attention .
同时,利用纳米碳管将碳原子组成的层面卷成管状结构制备薄膜同样也引起了人们的兴趣。
For markham , the system is interesting because the ways cells reshape their membranes - scientists call the process ion channel trafficking - are very similar to the ones that our hearts and nervous systems use .
这一系统令马克汉姆兴趣盎然,因为发电细胞改变其薄膜的方式和人类心脏及神经系统使用的方式非常相似。
Reverse-osmosis plants , for their part , use chemicals during the pre-treatment and cleaning of the membranes , some of which may end up in the brine .
逆渗透法也有类似的问题,它需要用化合物做预处理和清洁薄膜,这些化合物最后也变成废液。
Reverse-osmosis plants use filters and chemicals to remove particles that could clog up the membranes , and the membranes must also be washed periodically to reduce scaling and fouling .
应用逆渗透法的工厂使用过滤器和化合物去除会堵塞薄膜的微粒,且薄膜也必须定期清洗,以减少结垢和污垢
Instead of passing water molecules , these membranes pass ions .