Failures of intermediation have hobbled many economies over the decades , most conspicuously japan in the 1990s .
几十年来,金融中介的失灵曾让许多经济体步履蹒跚,最为引人注目的是上世纪90年代时的日本。
Though imperfect indicators , these spreads give a more direct measure of the costs of private intermediation than do credit quantities .
信贷息差虽然并非完美的指标,但它能比信贷数量更直接地衡量私人媒介活动的成本。
The us is already embarked on a journey to a " new normal " that includes reduced private credit intermediation and lower capacity for sustained , non-inflationary growth .
The first is partially to substitute for private intermediation by directly lending funds to certain classes of borrowers .
首先是通过直接向某些借方提供资金,部分地代替私人媒介。
Because private institutions are still in distress , it makes sense for the fed to continue to facilitate intermediation within its legal powers to moderate credit costs .
由于私人机构仍处于困厄之中,美联储有必要继续在其法律权限内促进媒介活动,以降低信贷成本。
Broadly speaking , liquidity and financial intermediation have emerged as key topics in macroeconomics and finance .
广泛地讲,流动资金和金融仲裁已经成为宏观经济学和金融学的重要课题。
Off-balance-sheet vehicles were used to create further layers of intermediation , making things even more opaque .
表外资产工具的应用带来更多中间业务,使监管变得更为困难。
As almost everyone is beginning to recognise , restoring a viable degree of financial intermediation is the key to recovery .
就像几乎所有人都开始意识到的那样,恢复某种可行程度的金融中介是复苏关键。
A lack of trust in financial intermediation is eroding both supply and demand for public equity , he argues .
他指出,投资者对于金融中介的不信任,正在同时侵蚀公开交易股票的供给和需求。
Debt and derivatives are best seen as a grossing up , reflecting the degree of intermediation or leverage .