Initially dr antonopoulou and her colleagues found that the coulombic efficiency of their cells-a measure of how many electrons produced actually flow into a circuit-was particularly low , at around just 2 % .
The result indicates that for enhancing particle target collection efficiencies , the inertia effect of particle and the coulombic force between particles should be carefully distinguished in different particle size ranges ; and proves that when droplets are weakly charged , it is still effective for the collection of sub-micron charged particles .