There’s been a long-term debate on which one is better between walking outside and walking on a treadmill. An expert finally addressed the issue this week.
长期以来，人们一直在争论户外散步和在跑步机上散步哪个更好。本周，一位专家终于谈到了这个问题。
According to Dr. Keith Roach, a physician at Weill Cornell Medical College and New York Presbyterian, walking on a treadmill and walking outdoors yield different outcomes since the latter makes use of more muscles than the former.
根据威尔康奈尔医学院和纽约长老会的医生基思·罗奇博士的说法，在跑步机上行走和在户外行走会产生不同的结果，因为后者比前者使用更多的肌肉。
“Walking outdoors uses additional muscles compared to walking on a treadmill. This is especially true on a trail or in open country, since you need to watch where you put your feet and use muscles to support movements that are different from foot placements you do without thinking (like on a treadmill or a paved road),” he explained via Oregon Live’s Dear Doctor on Monday.
“与在跑步机上行走相比，户外行走需要消耗更多的肌肉。”周一，他通过俄勒冈直播节目《亲爱的医生》解释说:“在小路上或在开阔的田野上尤其如此，因为你需要观察脚应该放在哪里，并用肌肉来辅助支持，与你无意识地迈步动作有所不同(比如在跑步机上或在铺路上)。”
Keith further explained that different types of people use the two. Preference is rooted in who they are and what they like to do while exercising. Most people who use treadmills do so because they don’t want to worry about watching their feet while exercising.
基思进一步解释说，不同类型的人选择不同。偏好源于他们是谁，以及他们在锻炼时喜欢做什么。大多数使用跑步机的人，是因为他们不想在锻炼时担心自己的脚。
“Exercising out in the world is a very different experience from being on a treadmill. Elite level athletes often do treadmill training, but will also do other exercises, since treadmill walking really only helps a limited set of muscles,” he added.
“在户外锻炼和在跑步机上锻炼是一种非常不同的体验。优秀水平的运动员通常会进行跑步机训练，但也会进行其他锻炼，因为在跑步机上行走真的只能锻炼到有限的几组肌肉。”
Harvard Health said treadmills are among the most effective types of exercise equipment for people who may have limitations that prevent them from doing traditional workouts, such as walking, running, or swimming.
《哈佛健康》杂志称，对于那些因身体条件限制而无法进行传统锻炼(如散步、跑步或游泳)的人来说，跑步机是最有效的运动设备之一。
The health and wellness platform noted that older adults benefit from using the machine because treadmills can help strengthen and improve balance and endurance. They are also helpful for people recovering from an injury or surgery since the exercise environment they provide is easy to control and does not require going outdoors.
健康保健平台指出，老年人可以从使用跑步机中受益，因为跑步机可以帮助加强和改善平衡和耐力。它们也有助于从受伤或手术中恢复的人，因为它们提供的运动环境更可控，而且不需要到户外。
A study published in the journal Neuroscience Nursing found that stroke survivors at high risk for cardiovascular mortality benefited from increased physical activity using treadmills. Regular physical activity and exercise are known to counter and reduce cardiovascular disease risk. But most adult stroke patients have limitations in the exercise they can do. Researchers found that treadmills help address this issue.
发表在《神经科学护理》杂志上的一项研究发现，具有心血管死亡高风险的中风幸存者，可从使用跑步机增加身体活动中获益。众所周知，定期的体育活动和运动可以对抗和减少心血管疾病的风险。但是，大多数成年中风患者能做的运动非常有限。研究人员发现，跑步机有助于解决这个问题。
However, for healthy sports and exercise enthusiasts, walking outside is the best way to go. Most physicians and experts would agree that walking outdoors results in better outcomes overall if the goal is to lose weight and strength training. The activity involves the use of more muscle groups than stationary walking, and the outdoor environment also reduces stress and anxiety. Elderly people capable of walking outside are highly encouraged to do so to enjoy the benefits of the activity.
然而，对于健康的运动和运动爱好者来说，户外才是最好的选择。大多数医生和专家都同意，如果以减肥和力量训练为目标，户外散步总体上效果更好。这种活动比静止的行走需要用到更多的肌肉群，而且户外环境也能减少压力和焦虑。我们非常鼓励有能力在户外行走的老年人出去散步，以享受这项活动的好处。