英语常用词疑难用法:cannot

英语作文    发布时间:2025-05-26  
划词翻译

我们来看一个英语学习中的难点——"cannot" 的一些特殊用法。 很多同学可能会觉得 "cannot" 就是 "不能",但其实它还有一些更高级、更地道的用法,一不小心就会理解错! 

一、"Cannot/Could not + too":小心,不是 “不能太…”! 

这是最容易让中国同学犯错的用法! "Cannot (could not) + too + adjective/adverb" 的意思不是 “不能太过…”,而是 “再…不过”、“无论怎样…都不为过”! 这里的 "cannot" 不是 “不应该”,而是 “不可能有此情况”!

举个栗子:

You can't be too careful. (你千万要小心。)

是不是感觉和平时理解的不一样? ? 别急,我们来分析一下:

  • 直译:你无论多么小心也不过分。

  • 意译:你千万要小心。

再来一个例子:

And too much importance can't be placed on the value of meeting with a prospective doctor face to face. (同一位物色中的医生面对面交谈,其价值是无论如何看重都不为过的。)

记住,遇到 "cannot/could not + too" 的结构,一定要仔细分析语境,不要想当然地理解为 “不能太…”!

二、"Cannot/Could not + 形容词/副词比较级":又一个 “再…不过”! 

"Cannot (could not) + adjective/adverb in the comparative form" 也有再…不过”、“好到无以复加” 的意思!

比如:

  • Things couldn't be better. (情况再好不过了。)

  • I couldn't agree with you more. (你的意见,我完全同意。)

  • But intelligence officials and experts say that could not be further from the truth. (但是情报官员和专家说那与事实完全不符。)

  • You couldn't be more mistaken. (你大错特错了。)

  • He could not have cared less. (他根本不放在心上。)

  • For many businesses, the loss of telephone service Thursday couldn't have come at a worse time. (对于许多企业来说,星期四电话不通,时间是最不凑巧的了。)

  • The candidates could not be at a greater distance on this issue. (各个候选人在这个问题上彼此的距离极大。)

  • They couldn't think any worse of him than they already did. (他们对他的印象,已经坏到无以复加了。)

  • The contrast between the morning paper and the news on radio and television could not have been more dramatic this morning. (今天上午拿清早报纸和广播电视新闻对比一下,反差大极了。)

是不是觉得有点晕?  没关系,多看几个例子,慢慢就熟悉了! 关键是要记住,这种结构通常表示程度很高,到了顶点

与表示“过分”的动词连用,也有这种情况:

The awful toll exacted on the soldiers and citizens cannot be exaggerated. (军人和平民伤亡惨重,不计其数。)

祝贺人家结婚,可以说:

It couldn't happen to two nicer people. (天生一对,地造一双。)

三、"Couldn't do better than…":最佳选择! 

"Couldn't do better than + to infinitive" 也是表示“好到无以复加”、“最好莫如…”的意思!

例如:

If you want the ultimate in calculators, you couldn't do better than to choose Sharp. (如果你想要最新式的计算器,你就最好莫如选择夏普。)

注意: 如果 "than" 后面不是动词不定式而是一个名词,而且主语不是指人而是指物,就仍然保持 “(主语)比某物的效果好不到哪里去” 的意思,而没有 “最好莫如做某事” 的含义!

例如:

After a decade of study, Merck last year abandoned its effort to develop a new type of antidepressant when it couldn't do better than a placebo in tests. (经过十年的研究,默克公司去年放弃了努力,不再开发一种新的抗抑郁症药品,因为这种药品经过试用,功效并没有超过安慰剂。)

四、"I can't thank you enough":千言万语,尽在不言中! 

enough 也有与 too 类似的情况,表示程度很深!

例如:

I can't thank you enough. (我不知怎样谢你才好。)

五、"Can not/Never":通常表示 “不可能”或“不可以”! 

can 后面加上 not, never 之类的否定词,通常意思是 “不可能” 或 “不可以” 而不是 “可能不” 或 “可以不”! 表示 “可能不” 或 “可以不”,要说 need notmay not

但是,如果 can 和后面的否定词离开很远,也可以表示 “可能不” 或 “可以不”!

例如:

You can work an entire lifetime in this field and never see two cases of autism alike. (你可能在这个行业干一辈子也遇不到两个相同的孤独症病例。)

如果 cannever 靠在一起,意思就会变成为 “绝不可能” 而不是 “有可能不”!