灾难是指对人类生活、社会或环境造成重大损害的事件。它们可能是自然灾害，如地震、洪水、飓风，也可能是人为灾害，如战争、事故、恐怖袭击等。灾难通常导致人员伤亡、财产损失、环境破坏，并对社会稳定和经济发展产生深远影响。面对灾难，及时的应对和恢复工作是减少损害、恢复正常生活的关键。
Disaster – 灾难
Catastrophe – 大灾难
Calamity – 大灾害
Tragedy – 悲剧
Emergency – 紧急情况
Crisis – 危机
Devastation – 摧毁
Accident – 事故
Cataclysm – 大灾变
Hazard – 危害
Disasters have a profound impact on individuals, communities, and nations. They can range from natural events like earthquakes and floods to human-made incidents such as industrial accidents and wars. Each type of disaster brings its own set of challenges and requires a tailored response.
Natural disasters, for instance, often result in significant loss of life and property. They disrupt everyday life and can take years to recover from. On the other hand, human-made disasters, like industrial accidents, can lead to immediate and widespread harm, including environmental damage and health hazards.
The effects of disasters are not only immediate but also long-term. They can alter the social and economic fabric of affected areas, leading to increased poverty and displacement of communities. Effective disaster management and preparedness are crucial to mitigating these impacts. This includes early warning systems, robust infrastructure, and community education.
In conclusion, while disasters are often unpredictable and devastating, understanding their impact and preparing accordingly can help minimize their effects. Building resilient communities and investing in disaster preparedness are essential steps in safeguarding future generations.
灾难对个人、社区和国家有着深远的影响。它们可以是自然事件，如地震和洪水，也可以是人为事故，如工业事故和战争。每种灾难带来独特的挑战，需要量身定制的应对措施。
自然灾害常常导致重大人员和财产损失。它们打乱日常生活，恢复可能需要数年时间。另一方面，人为灾害，如工业事故，可能导致立即且广泛的伤害，包括环境破坏和健康危害。
灾难的影响不仅是立即的，还可能是长期的。它们可能改变受灾地区的社会和经济结构，导致贫困加剧和社区流离失所。有效的灾难管理和准备对减轻这些影响至关重要。这包括早期预警系统、坚固的基础设施和社区教育。
总之，尽管灾难往往是不可预测和毁灭性的，但理解其影响并做好准备可以帮助减少其效果。建设具有韧性的社区和投资于灾难准备是保护未来几代人的重要步骤。
❶ 灭火器在哪里？Where is the fire extinguisher?
对话 A: Where is the fire extinguisher? 灭火器在哪里？
B: Beside the door. 在门旁边。
❷ 那座大楼发生了火灾。A fire broke out in that building.
同类表达 The house is on fire. 房子着火了。
A fire broke out in the kitchen. 厨房突然着火了。
Our baggage was burnt in the fire. 我们的行李已付之一炬。
❸ 这是一场轻微的地震。It's a mild earthquake.
同类表达 Did you feel the building is shaking? 你觉不觉得大楼在摇晃？
The severe earthquake was measured eight on the Richter scale. 这场严重的地震被定为里氏八级。
❹ 这个岛是台风多发地区。This island is a prime location for typhoons.
❺ 天花板中的一个水管裂了。A pipe burst in my ceiling.
同类表达 The water pipe is leaking. 水管漏水了。
The faucet is broken, and I can't turn it off. 水龙头裂了，我关不上。
❻ 我马上就拨火警电话。I'll call the fire department right away.
同类表达 What is the sound? It's the fire alarm. 那是什么声音？是火警的声音。
❼ 地震持续了一分钟。The earthquake lasted one minute.
同类表达 Powerful aftershocks still continue shaking this area. 强烈的余震持续震撼着这个地区。
❽ 这是一座活火山。This is an active volcano.
同类表达 The volcano keeps shooting lava. 火山持续喷出岩浆。
❾ 地震引发的海啸冲击了这个小岛。The earthquake-triggered tsunami hit the little island.
❿ 那个男孩溺水身亡了。The boy was drowned.
同类表达 The boy was helped out and survived from the edge of death. 那个男孩渡过了难关，被从死亡的边缘救了回来。