Job-protection laws make it costly for firms to lay off workers , and where posts are sacrificed , the newly unemployed are preserved from penury .
就业保护法案使得公司开出雇员的成本很高,且新的失业者会受到保护而不至于贫穷无依。
" Poverty " describes two quite different phenomena : utter penury , of the sort experienced by the billion or so souls who subsist on $ 1 a day or less ; and the situation of people in rich countries who are less well off than their compatriots .
Critics are right to say that for almost a third of the population to remain in such penury is a terrible thing , and to note that if the measure of poverty is raised to $ 1.25 day , the total swells by tens of millions .
In other words , the prevalence of violent crime seems to predict mating preferences only in so far as it reflects a country 's relative penury .
换句话说,就目前而言利用暴力犯罪的流行程度来预测择偶偏好只适用于一个相对拮据的国家。
After all , other , less energetic countries in asia , africa and latin america have managed to create jobs , improve child health , reduce corruption and lift their citizens out of penury .
毕竟亚洲、非洲、拉美一些没有如此活力的国家都做到了创造就业、改善儿童健康、减少腐败、减少贫困人口。
Critics are right to say that for almost a third of the population to remain in such penury is a terrible thing , and to note that if the measure of poverty is raised to $ 1.25 day , the total swells by tens of millions . But on that measure , too , there have been gains .