Of course , for spinoza , to reason why is exactly what we must do to attain freedom .
当然,对于斯宾诺莎来讲,探究事情发生的原因正好是我们为了获得自由而必须去做的。
There is no such thing as a discrete individual , spinoza points out .
斯宾诺莎指出没有离群的个体。
They are constitutionally irrational , spinoza and freud tell us , and their potential consequences are disastrous .
它们从本质而言是不合理的,斯宾诺莎和弗洛伊德告诉我们,它们有导致灾难性结果的可能性。
Spinoza argues that all individuals are to be absolutely free and unimpeded in their beliefs by right and in fact .
斯宾诺莎认为,所有的个人享有绝对的、不受限制的信仰自由,这不仅是权利也是事实。
Absolutists about the freedom of speech will be troubled by these caveats on spinoza 's part and rightly so .
持有言论绝对自由立场的人,会对斯宾诺莎这些告诫深感困扰,这不无道理。
In this , spinoza and president obama seem to concur : we 're all in this together .
在这方面,斯宾诺莎与奥巴马有着共识:我们是个整体。
Despite the rigour and integrity of his work , spinoza remains one of the lesser studied and least regarded of all the rationalist philosophers .
尽管他的著作精确而完整,但斯宾诺莎仍较少被研究,也是最少被视为理性主义哲学家的一位。
But spinoza explicitly does not include ideas even the expression of ideas under the category of " action . "
但斯宾诺莎明确地将思想,甚至是思想的表达排除在“行为”概念之外。
Baruch spinoza saw beyond the jewish fundamentalism of his day to a materialist universe that could be explained scientifically and he was excommunicated , even as he cleared the path for the great jewish geniuses to come .
Spinoza also argues for freedom of expression on utilitarian grounds - that it is necessary for the discovery of truth economic progress and the growth of creativity .