Sometimes , the epigenome responds to environmental cues by asking a gene , via a charged molecular messenger , either to start working or to work harder .
有时候,表观基因为了应对环境的改变,会通过一种受其控制的分子使者,让基因开始工作或者更努力的工作。
Until now , they had only a vague idea of what the epigenome looks like .
到目前为止,科学家对表观基因组的结构还只有一个模糊的概念。
Manufacturers have already developed drugs that act on the epigenome , but the latest research will help scientists target therapies with far more precision .
虽然制造商已开发出作用于表观基因组的药物,但最新的研究结果能帮助科学家制定出更精确的治疗方案。
Many genes help to prevent tumours from growing , but disruption of the epigenome can switch these protective genes off by accident .
Damage to the epigenome the pattern of chemicals that controls our genes has been linked to medical conditions as diverse as asthma , schizophrenia and cancer .
包括哮喘、精神分裂症和癌症等各种疾病都与损坏的表观基因组(控制人类基因的化学模式)有关。
The epigenome , however , is occasionally a wishy-washy supervisor . In some cases , epigenomic " decisions " can be reversed , jirtle said .
不过,表观基因偶尔也会做个优柔寡断的督导,在某些情况下,表观基因的决定可以逆转,杰特说。
For example , experiments by michael meaney and colleagues at mcgill university have shown that when rat mothers are affectionate to their young , the baby 's epigenome promotes a gene that helps the pup remain calm even in stressful situations .
Food , pollution , toxic chemicals ( such as those found in hard clear plastics ) , drugs , stress , even exercise and social interaction can all affect the epigenome and alter its attitude towards dna , liu said .
" The fascinating thing about it is that the epigenome is the mediator between the genes and the environment , " said liang liu , a researcher at the university of alabama at birmingham
“表观基因的迷人之处在于它其实是基因和周围环境的调停者,”伯明翰阿拉巴马大学的研究员刘亮说。
Many medical treatments , grayson said , such as those being developed for cancer and schizophrenia , try to coax the epigenome into changing its mind . Similarly , healthy nutrition and lifestyle choices can positively sway gene expression .