He described long and painful deaths from cancer or emphysema , as well as sudden deaths from heart attack and stroke .
他描述了癌症和肺气肿漫长而痛苦的死亡,以及心脏病发作和中风的突然死亡。
The most common of these in western countries are bronchitis and emphysema , which are often caused by smoking .
在西方国家中最为普遍的就是支气管炎和肺气肿,他们常常是由抽烟引起的。
Chronic lung conditions - which include bronchitis and emphysema - also are a concern for men .
慢性肺部疾病--比方说支气管炎和肺气肿--也是一大威胁。
Emphysema and chronic bronchitis are the two main forms of copd , and many sufferers have both . The condition makes it hard for people to breathe .
copd主要包括肺气肿和慢性支气管炎两种疾病,很多患者往往兼有这两种病变,以呼吸困难为主要症状。
But the messages are rather clinical , for example : " smoking causes lung cancer , heart disease , emphysema , and may complicate pregnancy . "
但这些警告语偏向医学术语,例如:“吸烟会导致肺癌,心脏病,肺气肿,可能引起妊娠并发症。”
Cigarettes cause yellow teeth , pale complexion , shortens the breath , in addition to promoting emphysema .
除了引起肺气肿,香烟还会导致黄牙,面色苍白,气短。
Shortly afterwards , her father said in an interview that she was suffering from emphysema and had been warned by doctors that she would die if she continued smoking crack cocaine and cigarettes .
A person might die of a disease commonly associated with old age ( such as emphysema or cancer ) , though such diseases are by no means restricted to the elderly .
人可能是死于与年老有关的疾病(如肺气肿或癌症),尽管这些疾病并不仅限于老人。
Crystal 's group hypothesized that any deterioration in lung function associated with cancer or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease , including emphysema and bronchitis , in which the lungs lose their ability to take in air , would begin with these cells .